In this research we evaluated the effect of adding zero‐valent iron nanoparticles (ZVI‐NP) to a complete mix bioelectrochemical slurry reactors (BESR) on the remediation of a clayish soil with a high content of organic matter, contaminated with lindane. Five BESR were loaded with a clayish polluted soil (100 mg lindane/kg_ds), known concentrations of ZVI‐NP, liquid medium, and sulphate‐reducing inoculum to give a 33% w/v soil concentration. A one‐factor experimental design was used, where the effect of nanoparticles concentration [NP] on lindane removal efficiency (η_lin) and other response variables were evaluated. The [NP] levels were 0.0 (background control with electrical connection, BCWC), 2.5 (Exp1), 5.0 (Exp2), and 7.5 gNP/kg_ds (Exp3). Maximum η_lin (95%) was attained in Exp2 (5 gNP/kg_ds). Beyond this level the η_lin slightly decreased (Exp3 with 85% η_lin.) Approximately 40%‐57% of lindane was removed in the first 24 hours during a rapid kinetics phase. No metabolites of lindane degradation were detected after 30 days of operation in all the BESR. Energy production increased with [NP]; Exp3 generated 4.3 MJ/tonne_ds at 30 days, whereas the other treatments produced energy between 1.6 MJ/tonne_ds‐1.2 MJ/tonne_ds. Bioelectrical energy could partially offset the requirements of BESR mixing energy. Overall performance evaluation using an ad hoc multicriteria framework indicated that BESR followed the order Exp2 > Exp3 > Exp1 ~ BCWC > ABCWOC (abiotic control without electrical connection). There was a significant, positive effect of the combined BESR and ZVI‐NP technology for the remediation of heavy soils contaminated with lindane.

中文翻译：

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零价铁纳米颗粒对生物电化学浆料反应器中被γ-六氯环己烷（林丹）污染的粘土土壤修复的影响

在这项研究中，我们评估加入零价铁纳米颗粒（ZVI-NP）到效果一个在粘土质土壤与有机质含量高，污染与林丹的整治完全混合生物电浆料反应器（BESR）。在五个BESR上装载了土壤污染的土壤（林丹100 mg / kg _ds），ZVI-NP的已知浓度，液体培养基和硫酸盐还原接种物，土壤浓度为33％w / v。使用一个一因子实验设计，其中纳米粒子浓度[NP]林丹去除效率（效果η_林）和其它反应变量进行了评价。[NP]水平为0.0（带电连接的背景控制，BCWC），2.5（Exp1），5​​.0（Exp2）和7.5 gNP / kg _ds（Exp3）。最大η_林（95％）达到在EXP2（5 GNP / kg的_DS）。超过这个水平的η_林略有下降（EXP3用85％η_林。）约40％-57时的快速动力学相位在第一个24小时，除去林丹％。所有BESR手术30天后均未检测到林丹降解代谢物。能源产量增加[NP]；Exp3在30天时产生4.3 MJ /吨_ds，而其他处理产生的能量在1.6 MJ /吨_ds -1.2 MJ /吨_ds之间。生物电能可以部分抵消BESR混合能的需求。使用临时多标准框架进行的总体性能评估表明，BESR遵循以下顺序：Exp2> Exp3> Exp1〜BCWC> ABCWOC（无电连接的非生物控制）。BESR和ZVI-NP组合技术对林丹污染重土壤的修复具有显着的积极作用。