Rotaviruses (RVs) cause acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Since 2006, live-attenuated vaccines have reduced the number of RV-associated deaths; however, RV is still responsible for an estimated 228,047 annual deaths worldwide. RV, a member of the family Reoviridae, has an 11-segmented double-stranded RNA genome contained within a non-enveloped, triple layered virus particle. In 2017, a long-awaited helper virus-free reverse genetics system for RV was established. Since then, numerous studies have reported the generation of recombinant RVs; these studies verify the robustness of reverse genetics systems. This review provides technical insight into current reverse genetics systems for RVs, as well as discussing basic and applied studies that have used these systems.

轮状病毒 (RVs) 会导致婴幼儿急性胃肠炎。自 2006 年以来，减毒活疫苗减少了与 RV 相关的死亡人数；然而，RV 仍然导致全球每年约 228,047 人死亡。RV 是呼肠孤病毒科的成员，具有 11 段双链 RNA 基因组，包含在无包膜的三层病毒颗粒中。2017年，建立了期待已久的RV辅助无病毒反向遗传学系统。从那时起，许多研究报告了重组 RVs 的产生。这些研究验证了反向遗传学系统的稳健性。这篇综述提供了对当前 RV 反向遗传学系统的技术见解，并讨论了使用这些系统的基础和应用研究。