Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl has been used as a remedy for inflammation-related disorders in the folk medicinal system by the inhabitants of the northern areas of Pakistan. This study deals with the phytochemical composition, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of A. nitida. The phytochemical composition was established by measuring total phenolic contents through spectrophotometrically and chemical profiling was done by GC–MS analysis. Cytotoxicity was tested against four cancer cell lines (SK-MEL-28, KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3) and two noncancerous kidney cell lines (LLC-PK1 and Vero). The hexanes extract showed promising activity against SK-MEL-28, BT-549, SK-OV-3 and LLC-PK1 cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 13–78 μg/mL and hydro-methanol extract inhibited the growth of KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3 with IC₅₀ values ranging from 25–42 μg/mL. The hydro-methanol, hexanes, and chloroform extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting iNOS in LPS-induced macrophages with IC₅₀ values of 69, 60, and 88 µg/mL, respectively. Besides, palmitic acid and parthenolide were theoretically docked against iNOS synthase. Parthenolide showed higher inhibition affinity (- 6.16 kcal/mol, K_i = 30.63 µM) in comparison to the control ligand (- 5.28 kcal/mol, K_i = 135.78 µM). This study showed that the A. nitida extracts possess anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities, indicating A. nitida as a potential candidate for the discovery of novel phytopharmaceutical products and industrial applications.

Alnus nitida（Spach）Endl已被巴基斯坦北部地区的居民用作民间医学系统中与炎症相关的疾病的治疗方法。这项研究涉及A. nitida的各种提取物的植物化学组成，细胞毒性和抗炎活性。通过分光光度法测量总酚含量确定植物化学成分，并通过GC-MS分析进行化学分析。测试了针对四种癌细胞系（SK-MEL-28，KB，BT-549和SK-OV-3）和两种非癌肾细胞系（LLC-PK1和Vero）的细胞毒性。己烷提取物对具有IC _50的SK-MEL-28，BT-549，SK-OV-3和LLC-PK1细胞系显示出有希望的活性值范围在13–78μg/ mL之间，加氢甲醇提取物抑制KB，BT-549和SK-OV-3的生长，IC ₅₀值范围在25–42μg/ mL之间。水甲醇，己烷和氯仿提取物通过抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞中的iNOS表现出抗炎活性，IC _50分别为69、60和88 µg / mL。此外，理论上，棕榈酸和小白菊内酯对接iNOS合酶。小白菊显示出更高的亲和性抑制（ - 6.16千卡/摩尔，K_我 = 30.63μM）在与对照相比，配体（ - 5.28千卡/摩尔，K_我 = 135.78μM）。这项研究表明，nit。A nitida提取物具有抗炎和细胞毒活性，表明A. nitida 作为发现新型植物药产品和工业应用的潜在候选者。