Salmonella is a worldwide-distributed pathogen that affects both humans and animals and is usually associated with intensive animal production such as poultry and swine. This bacterium carries different virulence genes, whose expression favors its interaction with the host and may influence the course of the infection. Extended usage of antibiotics for metaphylaxis or prophylaxis and as growth promoters favors the emergence of multiresistant Salmonella strains. The aim of this work was to assess the association between the presence of virulence-associated genes and the antimicrobial resistance phenotype in Salmonella isolates obtained from swine intensive and backyard farms in Argentina during 2012–2018. A total of 59 Salmonella strains belonging to several serotypes were studied. All the strains carried the sopB and ssaQ genes, whereas more than 90% of the isolates carried the mgtC, avrA, and siiD genes. Some isolates also carried the bcfC, sodC1, gipA, sopE1 and spvC genes; however, their presence varied among them. Susceptibility to the antibiotics tested was diverse. Isolates from intensive farms were resistant to a larger number of antimicrobials than those from backyard farms and some of the strains showed high virulence potential and extensive antimicrobial resistance profiles. Continuous surveillance is essential to detect the emergence of strains that may represent a significant risk not only for animal production but also for the human population.

沙门氏菌是一种全球分布的病原体，会影响人类和动物，通常与集约化动物生产有关，例如家禽和猪。这种细菌携带不同的毒力基因，其表达有利于其与宿主的相互作用，并可能影响感染过程。长期使用抗生素进行后备治疗或预防以及作为生长促进剂有利于多重耐药沙门氏菌菌株的出现。这项工作的目的是评估毒力相关基因的存在与2012-2018 年期间从阿根廷的养猪场和后院农场获得的沙门氏菌分离株中的抗菌素耐药性表型之间的关联。共59个沙门氏菌研究了属于几种血清型的菌株。所有菌株均携带sopB和ssaQ基因，而超过 90% 的分离株携带mgtC、avrA和siiD基因。一些分离株还携带bcfC、sodC1、gipA、sopE1和spvC基因；然而，他们的存在因人而异。对所测试的抗生素的敏感性是多种多样的。与来自后院农场的菌株相比，来自集约化农场的菌株对更多的抗菌剂具有抗药性，其中一些菌株显示出高毒力潜力和广泛的抗菌素耐药性特征。持续监测对于检测可能对动物生产和人类群体构成重大风险的菌株的出现至关重要。