Tidal restriction caused by embankments can have large impacts on estuarial ecosystems. It changes the tidal regimes, which influence the growth and development of marsh plants. Although large-scale tidal freshwater marshes are negatively or positively affected by the embankments especially around the Yellow Sea in Korea, little is known regarding how the tidal restriction changes the plastic growth responses of marsh plants, which may cause a population decline in the field. Therefore, we evaluated the impacts of tidal restriction on the growth, plasticity in morphology, reproduction, and biomass allocation of the important but vulnerable marsh plant Bolboschoenus planiculmis in Korea. These responses of B. planiculmis in tidal marshes and tide-restricted marshes were compared. The tide-restricted marshes experienced deeper water (9 cm) and greater dominance of other species (51%) than the tidal marshes (respectively 0 cm, 20%). Populations in the tide-restricted marshes revealed a lower density (128 ramets m${}^{-2}$), decreased sexual reproduction ratio (6%), and higher short rhizome density ratio (17%) with a rapid increase in allocation to below ground biomass compared to the tidal marsh populations (respectively 1046 m${}^{-2}$, 35%, and 0.3%). A redundancy analysis indicated that B. planiculmis with a low density in the tide-restricted marshes developed more short rhizomes and allocated more energy to below ground biomass in order to persist in the original habitats where neighbor species dominated. On the other hand, the tidal marsh populations with higher densities invested more energy to sexual reproduction and developed more long rhizomes to expand into new areas. In this paper, tidal restriction caused the dominance of neighbor species such as Phragmites australis in standing water and negative impacts on B. planiculmis. These results indicate that the impacts of tidal restriction caused by artificial structures should be minimized by maintaining natural tides for sustainable management of B. planiculmis.

路堤引起的潮汐限制可能对河口生态系统产生重大影响。它改变了潮汐机制，影响了沼泽植物的生长和发育。尽管大规模的潮汐淡水沼泽受到堤防的影响，尤其是在韩国黄海附近，但是对于潮汐限制如何改变沼泽植物的塑性生长响应（这可能导致田间人口减少）知之甚少。因此，我们评估了潮汐限制对韩国重要但易受伤害的沼泽植物平竹Bolboschoenus planiculmis的生长，形态，繁殖和生物量分配的影响。扁平芽孢杆菌的这些反应比较了潮汐沼泽和潮汐限制沼泽。受潮汐限制的沼泽比潮汐沼泽（分别为0 cm，20％）具有更深的水（9 cm）和其他物种的优势地位（51％）。受潮汐限制的沼泽中的种群密度较低（128分株m${}^{-2}$），性繁殖率降低（6％），短根茎密度较高（17％），与潮汐沼泽种群相比，地下生物量的分配迅速增加（分别为1046 m${}^{-2}$，35％和0.3％）。冗余分析表明，在潮汐受限的沼泽中密度低的扁平芽孢杆菌形成了更多的短根茎，并为地下生物量分配了更多的能量，以便在邻近物种占主导的原始生境中持续存在。另一方面，密度较高的潮汐沼泽人口为性繁殖投入了更多的精力，并发展了更长的根茎，从而向新的领域扩展。在本文中，潮汐限制导致死水等邻种（如芦苇）在死水中占主导地位，并对扁平芽孢杆菌产生不利影响。。这些结果表明，应通过保持自然潮汐以可持续管理扁平双歧杆菌来最大程度地减少由人工结构引起的潮汐限制的影响。