Air pollution has association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and reduced life expectancy. This study investigated the deleterious effects caused by tobacco smoke and diesel exhaust particles (DEP) from vehicles operating under EURO 3 and EURO 5 standards. Experiments were carried out on C57BL/6 mice divided into six groups: control group, group exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), two groups exposed to DEP (AAE3 and AAE5), and two groups exposed to tobacco smoke and vehicle DEP (CSE3 and CSE5). Results showed that, when compared to AA, groups AAE3 and AAE5 showed changes in respiratory mechanics, and that DEP originating from EURO 5 diesel vehicles was less harmful when compared to DEP originating from EURO 3 diesel vehicles. Analyses of groups CSE3 and CSE5 revealed increased inspiratory capacity and decreased tissue elastance, when compared to their respective controls, suggesting an exacerbation of changes in respiratory system mechanics compatible with COPD development.

空气污染与慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）和预期寿命缩短有关。本研究调查了按照 EURO 3 和 EURO 5 标准运行的车辆的烟草烟雾和柴油机尾气颗粒 (DEP) 造成的有害影响。在 C57BL/6 小鼠上进行实验，分为六组：对照组、暴露于香烟烟雾的组（CS）、暴露于 DEP 的两组（AAE3 和 AAE5）以及暴露于烟草烟雾和媒介物 DEP 的两组（CSE3 和CSE5）。结果显示，与 AA 相比，AAE3 和 AAE5 组显示出呼吸力学的变化，并且与源自 EURO 3 柴油车的 DEP 相比，源自 EURO 5 柴油车的 DEP 的危害较小。对 CSE3 和 CSE5 组的分析显示，与各自的对照组相比，吸气能力增加，组织弹性降低，这表明与 COPD 发展相一致的呼吸系统力学变化加剧。