Future space exploration will require crews to live and work together for an extended period in an isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment, with high levels of autonomy from Earth. Such circumstances increase the importance of interpersonal relationships and require team members to keep conflicts manageable and rely on one another for social support. Although there is a wide body of literature from traditional teams on team conflict, less is known about the nature and role of conflict for teams that operate in ICE environments. We collected and analyzed daily open-ended conflict reports from five 4-person crews living and working in an ICE environment. Concept mapping suggested four types of conflict: (1) noted discords, (2) work disagreements, (3) interpersonal tensions, and (4) interpersonal breakdowns. The patterns of conflict type and timing of conflicts varied by team. Results suggest a more nuanced conflict typology may be helpful in understanding the relationship between conflict and key outcomes such as team performance in ICE settings, as well as how conflict is best managed.

未来的太空探索将要求机组人员在孤立，密闭和极端（ICE）的环境中长期生活和合作，并享有地球的高度自治。这种情况增加了人际关系的重要性，并要求团队成员保持冲突的可管理性，并互相依靠以寻求社会支持。尽管来自传统团队的大量文献涉及团队冲突，但是对于在ICE环境中运行的团队，冲突的性质和作用知之甚少。我们收集并分析了在ICE环境中生活和工作的五名4人工作组的每日开放式冲突报告。概念图提出了四种类型的冲突：（1）指出不一致之处，（2）工作分歧，（3）人际关系紧张，以及（4）人际关系崩溃。冲突类型和冲突时间的模式因团队而异。结果表明，更细微的冲突类型可能有助于理解冲突与关键结果之间的关系，例如ICE环境中的团队绩效以及如何最好地管理冲突。