In spite of abundant information of conventional gating system design, casting defects such as shrinkage and gas porosities were found in castings that make the final castings extremely vulnerable to deformation. Improper fluid flow and irregular solidification of metals is due to faulty gating system design that in turn produces major casting defects. In this paper, quantitative analysis of the densities of an Al–7Si–0.3Mg (LM 25) alloy sand casting was performed using mass/volume or Archimedean porosimetry technique along with optical microscopy. Stepped geometry was casted in this study using circular, square and rectangular cross sectional runners and ingates. Single and double runners were used within each variation of runners and ingates. Electronic weighing balance and water displacement methods were used for measuring densities and porosities of the casted samples. The results showed that the average values of densities for castings using single and double circular cross sectional runners and ingates are higher i.e., 2.64 gm/cm³ and 2.64 gm/cm³ as compared to square and rectangular runner and ingate system i.e., 2.52 gm/cm³, 2.57 gm/cm³ and 2.46 gm/cm³, 2.49 gm/cm³ with lower percentage porosity defects i.e., 1.41% and 1.64% as compared to square and rectangular cross sections i.e., 5.86%, 3.82% and 8.34%, 7.18%, respectively. The densities for the casted samples for rectangular cross section are lesser of all with high porosity defects.

尽管有很多常规浇口系统设计的信息，但在铸件中发现了诸如收缩和气孔之类的铸件缺陷，使最终铸件极易变形。错误的流体流动和金属的不规则凝固是由于错误的浇口系统设计造成的，而这又会导致严重的铸造缺陷。在本文中，使用质量/体积或阿基米德孔隙率法以及光学显微镜对Al-7Si-0.3Mg（LM 25）合金铸件的密度进行了定量分析。在本研究中，使用圆形，方形和矩形横截面流道和内浇铸成阶梯状几何形状。单和双流道用于流道和ingate的每个变体中。电子称重天平和水置换法用于测量铸造样品的密度和孔隙率。结果表明，使用单和双圆形横截面流道和浇注料的铸件的密度平均值较高，即2.64 gm / cm³和2.64克/厘米³相比，方形和矩形流道和浇口系统即2.52克/厘米³，2.57克/厘米³和2.46克/厘米³，2.49克/厘米³具有较低百分比的孔隙率缺陷，即，1.41与正方形和矩形横截面相比分别为5％和1.64％，即分别为5.86％，3.82％和8.34％，7.18％。具有高孔隙率缺陷的铸件的矩形横截面密度较小。