In this work, we investigated the optimal design parameters of pore-filled ion-exchange membranes (PFIEMs) for the successful to a membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) process. The PFIEMs were fabricated by employing a cheap and thin polyethylene-based porous substrate and filling ionomers based on the cross-linked polystyrene. In particular, the cross-linking degrees of the PFIEMs were controlled by adjusting the cross-linker (i.e., divinylbenzene) contents in the monomer mixture. The PFIEMs exhibited much lower electrical resistance compared to those of commercial membranes because of the largely reduced film thickness and the high ion-exchange capacities. The results also revealed that the cross-linking degree significantly affected the membrane characteristics by influencing the free volume and the density of fixed charge groups. In addition, the membrane permselectivity dominated by the cross-linking degree was shown to be the most significant parameter in determining the salt removal efficiency (η) of MCDI. Consequently, the PFIEMs with the optimal cross-linking conditions were able to the achieve excellent desalting efficiency (η = 88.5%) of the MCDI, which was superior to that of expensive commercial membranes (η = 78.7%).

在这项工作中，我们研究了成功的膜电容去离子（MCDI）工艺的孔填充离子交换膜（PFIEM）的最佳设计参数。通过使用便宜且薄的聚乙烯基多孔基材并填充基于交联聚苯乙烯的离聚物来制造PFIEM。特别是，通过调节交联剂来控制PFIEM的交联度（即，二乙烯基苯）在单体混合物中的含量。与薄膜相比，PFIEM的电阻低得多，这是因为薄膜的厚度大大减小，离子交换能力高。结果还表明，交联度通过影响自由电荷和固定电荷基团的密度而显着影响膜的特性。另外，在确定MCDI的除盐效率（η）时，以交联度为主的膜渗透选择性是最重要的参数。因此，具有最佳交联条件的PFIEM能够实现出色的脱盐效率（ηMCDI = 88.5％），优于昂贵的商用膜（η = 78.7％）。