In the agricultural sector, huge quantities of agricultural residues are being generated every year. The valorization of the underutilized agricultural residues through microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) is highlighted in recent years. This article focuses on the current status for MAP of agricultural residues with the possible applications of the pyrolysis products in the agricultural sector and the challenges to make the process more compatible, acceptable, and sustainable along with its future directions to gain more economic benefits even at small-scale applications. The findings of the studies undertaken by the various researchers reveal that the yields (biochar, bio-oil, and gas) obtained from the MAP vary according to feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. The product, biochar, has several applications proven successfully in the agriculture. Bio-oil product cannot be used directly either as a biofuel or in agriculture but wood vinegar, extracted easily and cheaply from it, can be utilized directly by the crop growers in farming. Wood vinegar has been proved to be a useful and environment-friendly product for many applications, particularly in the agriculture. The gas derived from MAP can also be used to operate the pyrolysis system or may be used as a biofuel especially for thermal energy applications in rural areas. Small-scale MAP plants may be economically viable and more favorable in the agricultural sector than the large-scale plants. Integrating other source of renewable energy, as an input power for operating the MAP process, may also be a better option to make the process more reliable, economic, and environmental friendly.

在农业部门，每年都会产生大量的农业残留物。近年来，通过微波辅助热解（MAP）对未充分利用的农业残留物进行了增值。本文着重探讨热解产品在农业领域的可能应用以及农业残留物MAP的现状，以及使该过程更具兼容性，可接受性和可持续性的挑战，以及其未来的发展方向，即使在小规模的应用程序。各种研究人员进行的研究结果表明，从MAP获得的产量（生物炭，生物油和天然气）根据原料和热解条件的不同而不同。生物炭产品在农业上已成功证明了多种应用。生物油产品既不能直接用作生物燃料，也不能用于农业，但是从中容易而又廉价地提取出的木醋可以由农作物种植者直接用于农业。事实证明，木醋是许多应用中有用且环保的产品，特别是在农业中。源自MAP的气体也可用于运行热解系统，或可用作生物燃料，特别是用于农村地区的热能应用。小型MAP植物在经济上可能比大型植物在经济上可行，并且在农业领域更有利。集成其他可再生能源作为操作MAP过程的输入电源，也可能是使该过程更可靠，经济和环境友好的更好选择。