This paper proposes a detection method of open-circuit fault of insulated-gate bipolar transistor in the voltage source inverters. The magnetic field signal at the DC bus of the inverter is collected and analysed to detect the fault. First, the simulation is developed for a voltage source inverter-fed induction machine drive which operates in healthy state and single switch open-circuit conditions. The faulty characteristic frequencies in the spectrum of DC-link current signal are derived on the basis of the power balance analysis through the inverter. Second, laboratory tests are implemented with a test bed of voltage source inverter-based induction machine drive in which a Hall sensor suited for the geometry complexity of the DC bus structure is utilized for measuring the magnetic field signal, which can be considered as an image of the simulated DC-link current. The fast Fourier transform of the magnetic field signal shows sharp increases in spectrum amplitude at the fundamental, second-order and third-order harmonics that they can be used as the indication to detect the fault. The approach using proposed signal offers several advantages such as single-sensor requirement, non-invasive and less costly device.

提出了一种电压源逆变器中绝缘栅双极型晶体管开路故障的检测方法。收集并分析逆变器直流母线上的磁场信号以检测故障。首先，针对电压源逆变器供电的感应电机驱动器进行了仿真，该驱动器在正常状态和单开关开路条件下运行。在通过逆变器进行功率平衡分析的基础上，得出直流母线电流信号频谱中的故障特征频率。其次，实验室测试是在基于电压源逆变器的感应电机驱动器的测试台上进行的，其中将适用于DC总线结构几何复杂度的霍尔传感器用于测量磁场信号，可以将其视为模拟的直流母线电流的图像。磁场信号的快速傅立叶变换显示出在基波，二阶和三阶谐波处频谱幅度的急剧增加，它们可以用作检测故障的指示。使用提出的信号的方法具有多个优点，例如单传感器需求，无创且成本较低的设备。