How the root metabolic profiles and rhizosphere bacterial communities of dioecious plants respond to soil properties and sex identity is largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed root phenolic metabolomes and rhizosphere bacterial microbiomes of Populus euphratica females and males in two P. euphratica plantations with different soil properties to reveal the relative importance of soil and sex effects, and to decipher associations of certain phenolic compounds with specific bacterial taxa. We found that the relative abundances of bacterial OTUs and phenolic metabolites were closely linked to soil properties and sex identity. Soil is the main filter influencing the root phenolic metabolic profiles and rhizosphere bacterial communities of P. euphratica, while sexes and their interactions with soil properties are secondary factors. Differences in the diversity and evenness of phenolic metabolites were affected by plant sex, but not by soil properties. Conversely, the diversity and evenness of bacterial communities were affected by soil properties independent of plant sex. A multiple regression model indicated the presence of associations between root phenolic metabolites and specific soil bacteria taxa. Furthermore, all bacterial phyla and families correlated with at least one phenolic metabolite. Especially, both Nitrosomonadaceae and Cytophagaceae positively correlated with salicylic acid. Thus, our study provides new insights into the ecological mechanism that maintains rhizosphere bacterial communities in P. euphratica plantations in the desert area.

雌雄异株植物的根部代谢特征和根际细菌群落如何对土壤特性和性别认同作出反应尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们分析 了两个P.胡杨中雌性和雄性胡杨的根部酚类代谢组和根际细菌微生物组。具有不同土壤特性的幼虫人工林，以揭示土壤和性别效应的相对重要性，并揭示某些酚类化合物与特定细菌类群的联系。我们发现细菌OTU和酚类代谢物的相对丰度与土壤性质和性别认同密切相关。土壤是影响磷的根系酚类代谢特征和根际细菌群落的主要过滤器。幼发，而性别及其与土壤特性的相互作用是次要因素。酚类代谢产物多样性和均匀性的差异受植物性别的影响，但不受土壤性质的影响。相反，细菌群落的多样性和均匀性受到与植物性别无关的土壤特性的影响。多元回归模型表明根酚类代谢物与特定土壤细菌类群之间存在关联。此外，所有细菌菌群和科与至少一种酚类代谢物相关。尤其是亚硝基梭菌科和吞噬菌科与水杨酸呈正相关。因此，我们的研究为维持P根际细菌群落的生态机制提供了新见解。沙漠地区的幼虫种植园。