Soil samples from an Alfisols with long-term (> 12 years) contrasting tillage intensities (i.e., no-till versus plow-till) were first divided into three distinct dry aggregate-size classes (i.e., mega-, macro-, and microaggregates) and then incubated with ¹³C-labeled wheat residue at three input levels of balanced nutrients supply under controlled laboratory conditions. Across all the treatments, from 55.1 to 83.4% of total straw-C was mineralized within the incubation period. The microaggregates significantly increased the straw-C mineralization rate by 3.6 and 3.1 mg C g⁻¹ straw-C day⁻¹ compared to the mega- and macroaggregates respectively, mainly due to the higher microbial biomass. The high input of balanced nutrients enhanced the straw-C mineralization. Moreover, the microbial C-use efficiency (CUE) of straw residue in the microaggregates was 25.1% and 7.3% higher than that in the mega- and macroaggregates, respectively. Legacy effect of the long-term no-till increased microbial CUE, mainly by reducing the C-nutrient stoichiometric imbalance. In contrast, straw addition to the microaggregates resulted in the lowest positive priming effect (PE) of SOC compared to that added to the mega- and macroaggregates. Both the nutrient input and no-till treatments positively contributed to the decrease in positive PE. The negative correlation between the microbial CUE of the straw residue and the positive PE was reported for the first time, and the inputs of straw residue and high-level nutrients to the microaggregates from the no-till treatment increased CUE but decreased positive PE.

长期（> 12年）耕作强度对比（即免耕与耕作）对比的阿尔菲索尔土壤样品首先被分为三类不同的干骨料尺寸类别（即巨型骨料，大型骨料和微骨料） ），然后在受控实验室条件下，在平衡营养供应的三个输入水平下，将¹³ C标记的小麦残留物孵育。在所有处理过程中，在潜伏期内矿化了总秸秆C的55.1％至83.4％。微骨料显着提高了秸秆碳的矿化速率，分别提高了3.6和3.1 mg C g ^-1秸秆C天^-1与大型集料和大型集料相比，主要原因是微生物生物量更高。平衡养分的大量输入增强了秸秆碳的矿化作用。此外，微骨料中秸秆残留物的微生物碳利用效率（CUE）分别比大型骨料和大型骨料中高25.1％和7.3％。长期免耕的遗留效应增加了微生物CUE，主要是通过减少C营养素化学计量失衡。相反，将秸秆添加到微团聚体中，与添加到巨型和大型团聚体中相比，SOC的最低正向引发效应（PE）最低。营养输入和免耕处理均对阳性PE的降低有积极作用。