South Asia is one of the least integrated regions in the world, with persistent India–Pakistan rivalry acting as a major stumbling block to regional cooperation through the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Nonetheless, both India and Pakistan continue to experiment with multilateral arrangements and both became members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2017. While it is too early to predict the impact of the India–Pakistan rivalry on the SCO, dominant scholarship highlights the likelihood of a negative influence. This paper would like to present an alternative possibility – of the SCO providing opportunities for collaboration in the areas of security and counterterrorism, which in turn may positively influence Indo–Pak relations. Further, the likelihood of the Indo–Pak conflict negatively impacting the SCO is low primarily because, unlike SAARC, the SCO is led by China and Russia, who are actively invested in keeping the SCO influential to serve their key interest in challenging the dominant Western world order.

中文翻译：

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冲突还是合作？印巴驻上海合作组织

南亚是世界上一体化程度最低的地区之一，印度与巴基斯坦之间的持久竞争是通过南亚区域合作联盟（SAARC）进行区域合作的主要绊脚石。尽管如此，印度和巴基斯坦都继续尝试多边安排，并且都于2017年成为上海合作组织（SCO）的成员。虽然现在预测印巴竞争对上海合作组织的影响还为时过早，但主要的奖学金凸显了产生负面影响的可能性。本文希望提出另一种可能性–上合组织为安全和反恐领域的合作提供机会，而这反过来又可能对印巴关系产生积极影响。进一步，