The rise of competitive trade practices represents a significant development in Papua New Guinea's marketplaces. Overt competition and haggling, once conspicuous by their near absence, are now commonplace in the country's betel nut marketplaces, and increasingly visible in many of the large urban fresh food marketplaces. This has emerged with the rise of long‐distance and intermediary trading, and with increasing numbers of people dependent on trade for their livelihood. This paper explores moral economy, and the interactions and negotiations around price between lowland betel nut producers and highland wholesale traders as they occur in marketplaces and in rural production areas. It documents how the moral obligations that arise from trade itself, and entangled with self‐interest, tempers competition and fosters solidarity amongst traders, redirects competition onto their interactions with producers, and in doing so reinforces existing power asymmetries.

中文翻译：

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讨价还价的高地人：巴布亚新几内亚槟榔贸易中的市场，中间商和道德经济

竞争性贸易惯例的兴起代表着巴布亚新几内亚市场的重大发展。公开竞争和讨价还价曾经一度因缺席而引人注目，但如今在该国的槟榔市场上已司空见惯，在许多大型城市新鲜食品市场上也日益可见。随着长途和中间贸易的兴起，以及越来越多的人依靠贸易谋生，人们已经意识到了这一点。本文探讨了道德经济，以及在市场和农村生产地区发生的低地槟榔生产者与高地批发贸易商之间围绕价格的相互作用和谈判。它记录了贸易本身产生的道德义务如何与自身利益纠缠在一起，如何抑制竞争并促进交易者之间的团结，