Indigenous peoples of the Andes have shared their territories with a variety of animated and sacred non-human entities, with whom they have maintained complex interactions. Because these entities are providers of the vital elements that human communities need to guarantee their survival and reproduction, people must treat them with respect and affection. This entails reattributing with rituals, offerings, and attention, the goods and materials these entities supply them. Denial and neglect make these entities sad and angry, and willing to harm people in different ways. In this paper, we discuss how Diaguita-Kallchakí communities from the North Calchaquí Valley (Argentina) interacted with the sacred high-altitude territory of Nevado de Cachi during pre-Hispanic times, with the wak’as that dwelled in it, and how this interaction was completely transformed once the Inkas conquered and settled in the region around CE 1400/1450. We show that the Inkas not only reorganized pilgrimage and ritual activities in this area, but they also intentionally marked their presence in order to represent themselves as superior entities capable of dealing, without risk, with non-human forces.

安第斯山脉的土著人民与各种充满活力和神圣的非人类实体分享了自己的领土，并与他们保持着复杂的互动。因为这些实体是人类社区保证其生存和繁殖所必需的重要元素的提供者，所以人们必须以尊重和深情对待它们。这需要对仪式，奉献物和注意力进行重新分配，这些实体为他们提供的商品和材料。否认和忽视会使这些实体感到悲伤和愤怒，并愿意以不同的方式伤害人们。在本文中，我们讨论了北卡尔恰奎河谷（阿根廷）的Diaguita-Kallchakí社区如何与西班牙前时期内瓦多·德·卡奇的神圣高海拔地区互动，并与居住在其中的瓦克族人互动，以及一旦印加人征服并在CE 1400/1450附近的地区定居后，这种相互作用如何被彻底改变。我们表明，印加人不仅重新组织了该地区的朝圣和仪式活动，而且还刻意标记自己的存在，以表示自己是能够无风险地与非人类部队打交道的上级实体。