Acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) is a visual-deteriorating rare clinical entity with an uncertain etiology. We aimed to report a case of AMN and underlying disease of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A thirty-five-year-old female patient with bone marrow biopsy confirmed AML, and bicytopenia, under chemotherapy, complained of sudden paracentral visual field defect in her right eye was referred. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Posterior segment evaluation revealed multiple Roth’s spots. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated hyper-reflectivity band, in the outer nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer, nasal to the fovea of the right eye, and hyperreflective patch in outer retina segmentation en-face OCT, suggestive of the diagnosis of AMN. Nine days after AMN diagnosis, dyspnea, malaise, and cough was initiated. Ground glass opacities in lung CT scan, beside reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, was conclusive of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The patient deceased after 6 days. We report a rare case of AMN following AML. Our findings support the role of ischemia in the outer retina, of which AML may contributed to the pathophysiological process. The patient has deceased less than 2 weeks from AMN initiation.

中文翻译：

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因 COVID-19 死亡的急性髓系白血病患者的急性黄斑神经视网膜病变：病例报告

急性黄斑神经视网膜病变（AMN）是一种导致视力恶化的罕见临床疾病，其病因尚不清楚。我们的目的是报告一例 AMN 和急性髓系白血病 (AML) 的基础疾病。一名 35 岁女性患者，骨髓活检确诊为 AML，化疗期间双细胞减少，主诉右眼突然出现旁中央视野缺损，转诊。双眼视力均为 20/20。后段评估显示多个罗斯斑。光学相干断层扫描（OCT）显示右眼鼻侧至中央凹的外核层和外丛状层有高反射带，面部 OCT 外视网膜分割有高反射斑，提示 AMN 的诊断。AMN 诊断后九天，开始出现呼吸困难、不适和咳嗽。肺部 CT 扫描中的毛玻璃混浊，加上严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 的逆转录聚合酶链反应，可以得出 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的结论。6天后患者死亡。我们报告了 AML 后发生 AMN 的罕见病例。我们的研究结果支持外视网膜缺血的作用，其中 AML 可能促进了病理生理过程。患者在 AMN 开始后不到 2 周内死亡。