The global optimum of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem can be sought in various practical settings by adopting the conic relaxations, such as the second order cone programs (SOCPs) and semi-definite programs (SDPs). However, the ZIP (constant impedance, constant current, constant power) and exponential load models are not directly amenable with these conic solvers. Thus, these are mostly treated as constant power loads in the literature. In this letter, we propose two simple methods to approximate these static loads with good accuracy. The proposed methods perform much better than the traditional constant power approximation.

中文翻译：

---

圆锥 OPF 求解器的近似载荷模型

最优潮流 (OPF) 问题的全局最优解可以通过采用二次锥规划 (SOCP) 和半定规划 (SDP) 等圆锥松弛法在各种实际设置中寻求。然而，ZIP（恒定阻抗、恒定电流、恒定功率）和指数负载模型不能直接适用于这些圆锥求解器。因此，这些在文献中大多被视为恒定功率负载。在这封信中，我们提出了两种简单的方法来精确地近似这些静态负载。所提出的方法比传统的恒定功率近似执行得更好。