This article presents a $W$ -band rectenna unit that incorporates a novel CMOS switching rectifier and a print tapered slot antenna. The operation principle of the switching rectifier is analyzed. The proposed rectifier topology shows improved reliability, and it utilizes the body-diode effect (BDE) to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE). Besides, a high-gain $W$ -band antipodal linearly tapered slot antenna is implemented on PCB to improve the overall efficiency. In order to demonstrate the utility of the proposed rectenna unit for large-scale rectenna array, a $1\times 2$ (parallel) and $2\times 2$ (series-parallel) rectenna arrays in 40-nm bulk CMOS technology and PCB process have been implemented. The switching rectifier achieves a peak PCE of 45.8% at 94GHz with improved reliability. Occupying only 0.0756 mm², the overall PCEs of the rectenna unit and the $2\times 2$ rectenna array are 25% and 23%, delivering 5.6- and 20-mW output dc power, respectively, at 90-mW/cm² incident power density. The proposed rectifier and rectenna array achieve the highest PCE among recently reported $W$ -band rectifiers and rectenna arrays with different technologies.

中文翻译：

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具有片上 CMOS 开关整流器和 PCB 上锥形槽天线的 W 波段 2 x 2 整流天线阵列，用于无线功率传输

这篇文章提出了一个 $W$ -band rectenna 单元，包含一个新颖的 CMOS 开关整流器和一个印刷锥形缝隙天线。分析了开关整流器的工作原理。所提出的整流器拓扑显示出更高的可靠性，并且它利用体二极管效应 (BDE) 来提高功率转换效率 (PCE)。此外，高增益 $W$ 在PCB上实施-band对映线性锥形缝隙天线以提高整体效率。为了证明所提出的整流天线单元对大规模整流天线阵列的效用，一个 $1\乘以2$ （平行）和 $2\乘以 2$ 已经实施了采用 40 纳米体 CMOS 技术和 PCB 工艺的（串并联）整流天线阵列。开关整流器在 94GHz 下实现了 45.8% 的峰值 PCE，并提高了可靠性。仅占用 0.0756 mm ²，整流天线单元的整体 PCE 和 $2\乘以 2$ 整流天线阵列分别为 25% 和 23%，在 90-mW/cm ²入射功率密度下分别提供 5.6- 和 20-mW 输出直流功率。提出的整流器和整流天线阵列在最近报道的中实现了最高的 PCE $W$ 带不同技术的整流器和整流天线阵列。