Longhorn beetles are highly diversified and important for agriculture and health of the environment. However, the fauna and ecology of these beetles are not well known in Thailand. This study is the first to report the biodiversity, elevation, and seasonal distribution of longhorn beetles. Specimens were collected by malaise traps from 41 localities in 24 national parks throughout the country during 2006–2009. The traps were operated at each site for 12 consecutive months with a monthly service. A total of 199 morphotaxa in 36 tribes of 6 subfamilies were identified from 1376 specimens. Of these, 40.7% and 14.5% of total taxa were singletons and doubletons, respectively. The Shannon diversity index and observed species richness at Panernthung, Loei Forest Unit and Mae Fang Hotspring were high at 0.96 (30), 0.88 (50), and 0.86 (34), respectively. Local richness ranged between 3 and 50 species, while the species richness estimator showed between 6 and 1275 species. The most relatively abundant species, Nupserha lenita, Pterolophia sp.1, Oberea sp.3, Acalolepta pseudospeciosa, and Ac. rustricatrix represented 4.80%, 4.80%, 4.80%, 4.5%, and 4.43% of the species, respectively. The species with the widest distribution range of percentage of species occurrence (% SO) was Pt. sp.1 (63.4%), followed by Ac. rustricatrix (39%) and Moechotypa suffusa (39%). In a significantly negative relationship between species richness and elevation (p > 0.05, R² = 0.04), the species richness pattern showed a hump-shaped curve that peaked at the middle elevation (501–1000 m asl). Regarding seasonal variation, most of the species occurred during the hot season (March–April) and peaked in early rainy season (May), while a low number of species were found during the mid-rainy (June–October) and cold season (November–February). Ordination analysis indicated that the distribution of most species was associated with regions and forest type, and most of the species correlated with forest located at middle and low elevation. The results of this study indicated the very high biodiversity of longhorn beetles in Thailand, which suggests that an understanding of their seasonal and elevational distribution will be of value to agriculture management and conservation. They also indicated that malaise traps are appropriate for the evaluation of biodiversity.

中文翻译：

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泰国热带森林中长角甲虫（鞘翅目：Cerambycidae）的生物多样性和时空变异

长角甲虫高度多样化，对农业和环境健康至关重要。但是，这些甲虫的动物区系和生态在泰国并不为人所知。这项研究是第一个报告长角甲虫的生物多样性，海拔和季节性分布的报告。在2006–2009年期间，通过不适的诱捕器从全国24个国家公园中的41个地区收集了标本。诱捕器在每个站点连续运行12个月，每月提供服务。从1376个标本中鉴定出6个亚科的36个部落中总共199个吗啉。其中，总分类单元的40.7％和14.5％分别是单例和双例。Panernthung，黎府森林单元和湄芳温泉的香农多样性指数和观察到的物种丰富度分别为0.96（30），0.88（50）和0.86（34）。局部丰富度在3至50种之间，而物种丰富度估算器则在6至1275种之间。最丰富的物种Nupserha lenita，Pterolophia SP.1，筒天牛sp.3，Acalolepta pseudospeciosa ，和交流。rustricatrix分别占该物种的4.80％，4.80％，4.80％，4.5％和4.43％。物种发生百分比（％SO）分布范围最广的物种是Pt。sp.1（63.4％），然后是Ac。rustricatrix （ 39％）和Moechotypa suffusa （ 39％）。物种丰富度与海拔之间呈显着负相关关系（p > 0.05，R ² = 0.04），物种丰富度模式显示出一个驼峰形曲线，在中海拔（501-1000 m asl）处达到峰值。关于季节变化，大多数物种发生在炎热季节（3月至4月），并在雨季早期（5月）达到顶峰，而在雨中中期（6月至10月）和寒冷季节（ 11月至2月）。排序分析表明，大多数物种的分布与区域和森林类型有关，而大多数物种与中低海拔的森林有关。这项研究的结果表明泰国长角甲虫具有很高的生物多样性，这表明了解它们的季节性和海拔分布对农业管理和保护具有重要意义。