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Resilience in children in the aftermath of disasters: A systematic review and a new perspective on individual, interpersonal, group, and intergroup level factors
Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1002/casp.2500
Alessia Cadamuro 1 , Michèle D. Birtel 2 , Gian Antonio Di Bernardo 3 , Eleonora Crapolicchio 4 , Loris Vezzali 5 , John Drury 6
Affiliation  

Disasters can impact upon individuals, families, and communities in multiple ways. Research has mainly focused on risk and protective factors relating to the child (individual level) and the family (interpersonal level), not taking into account the processes at the level of social groups. The present review aims to (a) review psychological research on disasters determined by natural events in childhood, (b) distinguish individual, interpersonal, group, and intergroup levels, (c) emphasize the importance of considering resilience as a key outcome. We reviewed 294 studies (in addition to 28 reviews‐meta‐analyses, and 29 naturalistic interventions), and identified factors at the individual (e.g., demographics, exposure, individual differences), interpersonal (e.g., parent–child relationship, family and school environment), group (e.g., social identity, group membership), and intergroup (relations between different groups) levels. We argue that an integrated model of these factors and their interplay is needed to design interventions to enhance resilience in children and their communities. We extend previous theorizations by providing a wider conceptualization of distress and resilience, and by considering the interplay between factors at different levels. A multidimensional approach to the consequences of disasters in children is crucial to understand their development and well‐being, and to design effective interventions. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.

中文翻译:

灾后儿童的复原力:个人,人际,群体和群体间因素的系统评价和新观点

灾难会以多种方式影响个人,家庭和社区。研究主要集中在与儿童(个人层面)和家庭(人际层面)相关的风险和保护因素上,没有考虑社会群体层面的过程。本综述旨在(a)回顾有关儿童时期自然事件所致灾害的心理学研究,(b)区分个人,人际关系,群体和群体间的水平,(c)强调将抗灾力视为关键成果的重要性。我们审查了294项研究(除28项评论,荟萃分析和29项自然主义干预措施之外),并确定了个人因素(例如,人口统计学,接触情况,个体差异),人际关系(例如,亲子关系,家庭和学校)环境),组(例如,社会身份,组成员身份)和组间(不同组之间的关系)级别。我们认为,需要采用这些因素及其相互作用的综合模型来设计干预措施,以增强儿童及其社区的适应能力。我们通过提供对遇险和适应力的更广泛概念化,并通过考虑不同层次上因素之间的相互作用来扩展先前的理论。对于儿童灾难的后果采取多维方法对于理解他们的成长和福祉以及设计有效的干预措施至关重要。请参阅补充材料部分以找到本文的社区和社会影响声明。我们认为,需要采用这些因素及其相互作用的综合模型来设计干预措施,以增强儿童及其社区的适应能力。我们通过提供对遇险和适应力的更广泛概念化,并通过考虑不同层次上因素之间的相互作用来扩展先前的理论。对儿童的灾难后果采取多维方法,对于了解他们的成长和福祉以及设计有效的干预措施至关重要。请参阅补充材料部分以找到本文的社区和社会影响声明。我们认为,需要采用这些因素及其相互作用的综合模型来设计干预措施,以增强儿童及其社区的适应能力。我们通过提供对遇险和适应力的更广泛概念化,并通过考虑不同层次上因素之间的相互作用来扩展先前的理论。对于儿童灾难的后果采取多维方法对于理解他们的成长和福祉以及设计有效的干预措施至关重要。请参阅补充材料部分以找到本文的社区和社会影响声明。并考虑不同层次上因素之间的相互作用。对于儿童灾难的后果采取多维方法对于理解他们的成长和福祉以及设计有效的干预措施至关重要。请参阅补充材料部分以找到本文的社区和社会影响声明。并考虑不同层次上因素之间的相互作用。对于儿童灾难的后果采取多维方法对于理解他们的成长和福祉以及设计有效的干预措施至关重要。请参阅补充材料部分以找到本文的社区和社会影响声明。
更新日期:2021-01-07
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