Assessment of salt intake to consider salt as a fortification vehicle for thiamine in Cambodia,Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Assessment of salt intake to consider salt as a fortification vehicle for thiamine in Cambodia
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14562
Kathleen Chan ₁ , Jelisa Gallant ₁ , Shalem Leemaqz ₂ , Dare A Baldwin ₃ , Mam Borath ₄ , Hou Kroeun ₅ , Jeffrey R Measelle ₃ , Rem Ngik ₅ , Sophonneary Prak ₆ , Frank T Wieringa ₇ , Lisa N Yelland _{2,

8} , Tim J Green _{2,

9} , Kyly C Whitfield ₁

Affiliation

Thiamine deficiency is a public health issue in Cambodia. Thiamine fortification of salt has been proposed; however, the salt intake of lactating women, the target population, is currently unknown. We estimated salt intakes among lactating women (<6 months postpartum) using three methods: repeat observed-weighed intake records and 24-h urinary sodium excretions (n = 104), and household salt disappearance (n = 331). Usual salt intake was estimated by adjusting for intraindividual intakes using the National Cancer Institute method, and a thiamine salt fortification scenario was modeled using a modified estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method. Unadjusted salt intake from observed intakes was 9.3 (8.3–10.3) g/day, which was not different from estimated salt intake from urinary sodium excretions, 9.0 (8.4–9.7) g/day (P = 0.3). Estimated salt use from household salt disappearance was 11.3 (10.7–11.9) g/person/day. Usual (adjusted) salt intake from all sources was 7.7 (7.4–8.0) g/day. Assuming no stability losses, a modeled fortification dose of 275 mg thiamine/kg salt could increase thiamine intakes from fortified salt to 2.1 (2.0–2.2) mg/day, with even low salt consumers reaching the EAR of 1.2 mg/day from fortified salt alone. These findings, in conjunction with future sensory and stability research, can inform a potential salt fortification program in Cambodia.

中文翻译：

评估盐摄入量以考虑将盐作为柬埔寨硫胺素的强化载体

硫胺素缺乏是柬埔寨的一个公共卫生问题。已提议对盐进行硫胺素强化；然而，目标人群哺乳期妇女的盐摄入量目前尚不清楚。我们使用三种方法估计了哺乳期妇女（产后 6 个月内）的盐摄入量：重复观察称重的摄入记录和 24 小时尿钠排泄量 ( n = 104) 和家庭盐消失 ( n = 331)。通常的盐摄入量是通过使用国家癌症研究所的方法调整个人摄入量来估计的，并且使用修正的估计平均需求 (EAR) 分界点方法对硫胺素盐强化方案进行建模。从观察到的摄入量中未调整的盐摄入量为 9.3 (8.3-10.3) g/天，这与从尿钠排泄中估计的盐摄入量 9.0 (8.4-9.7) g/天（P = 0.3）。由于家庭食盐消失，估计食盐用量为 11.3 (10.7–11.9) 克/人/天。来自所有来源的通常（调整后的）盐摄入量为 7.7 (7.4–8.0) g/天。假设没有稳定性损失，275 毫克硫胺素/公斤盐的模拟强化剂量可以将硫胺素摄入量从强化盐增加到 2.1 (2.0-2.2) 毫克/天，即使是低盐消费者也能从强化盐中达到 1.2 毫克/天的 EAR独自的。这些发现与未来的感官和稳定性研究相结合，可以为柬埔寨的潜在盐强化计划提供信息。

更新日期：2021-01-07

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