Understanding the real physical and mechanical characteristics of deep rocks under in situ geological conditions is fundamental for deep rock engineering. Rock mechanics that retains the in situ geological conditions is defined to study the rock behaviors under the in situ geological conditions (geostress, temperature, pore pressure, etc.). A new experimental methodology called the in situ stress restoration test is proposed to recover the in situ geostress conditions of a core as closely as possible. Cores obtained from 10 different burial depths are used to carry out in situ stress restoration tests and triaxial compression tests. The results of the two kinds of tests indicate that in situ stress restoration would heal the damage induced by removing the in situ geostress during the coring process to a certain extent. Compared with the rock mechanical behaviors observed during the triaxial compression tests, the peak strength, residual strength and elastic modulus are higher during the in situ stress restoration tests. In situ stress restoration can make a core less brittle and enhance its inelastic deformation, including strain hardening and strain softening, especially at deeper burial depths. The elastic energy density, dissipated energy density and total energy density are all higher during the in situ stress restoration tests than those during the triaxial compression tests for the different rock types and burial depths. The proposed experimental method can consider the effects of the in situ geostress to only a certain extent. Rock experimental techniques that can comprehensively reflect all the in situ geological conditions at different depths should be further studied.

了解原位地质条件下深层岩石的真实物理和力学特性是深层岩石工程的基础。定义了保留原位地质条件的岩石力学，以研究原位地质条件（地应力，温度，孔隙压力等）下的岩石行为。提出了一种新的实验方法，称为原位应力恢复测试，以尽可能地恢复岩心的原位地应力条件。从10种不同的埋藏深度获得的岩心用于原位钻探应力恢复测试和三轴压缩测试。两种测试的结果表明，在取芯过程中，原位应力恢复在一定程度上可以消除因去除原位地应力而引起的破坏。与在三轴压缩试验中观察到的岩石力学行为相比，在原位应力恢复试验中峰值强度，残余强度和弹性模量更高。原位应力恢复可以使岩心变脆，增强其非弹性变形，包括应变硬化和应变软化，尤其是在更深的埋藏深度。在此过程中，弹性能密度，耗散能密度和总能密度均较高。对于不同的岩石类型和埋藏深度，原位应力恢复测试要比三轴压缩测试时高。实验方法只能在一定程度上考虑地应力的影响。可以全面反映不同深度的所有现场地质条件的岩石实验技术应进一步研究。