Random migration often plays important roles in soil microbial community assembly. However, it remains unexplored that whether its role is affected by anthropogenic disturbances, and whether the effects of different disturbances are consistent. Here, we report a novel and general pattern that different disturbances consistently restrain the role of migration in soil bacterial community assembly. We mimicked 16 types of anthropogenic disturbances relevant to a Eurasian steppe ecosystem, including removing different number of plant functional groups, mowing, adding nitrogen, adding phosphorus, watering, warming, and some of their combinations. The estimated migration rates in soil bacterial community assembly with Stephen Hubbell’s neutral model decreased by 0.19–6.29% under these disturbances. The relative change in migration rate was correlated with the deterministic change in community composition and the relative change in soil pH. Our results suggested that the intensifying anthropogenic disturbances may restrain the random dispersal, colonization and distribution of soil microorganisms.

随机迁移通常在土壤微生物群落组装中起重要作用。但是，尚不清楚它的作用是否受到人为干扰的影响，以及不同干扰的影响是否一致。在这里，我们报告了一种新颖而通用的模式，即不同的干扰持续抑制土壤细菌群落组装中迁移的作用。我们模拟了与欧亚草原生态系统相关的16种人为干扰，包括去除不同数量的植物功能基团，修剪，添加氮，添加磷，浇水，变暖以及它们的某些组合。在这些扰动下，采用Stephen Hubbell中性模型的土壤细菌群落组装体估计迁移率降低了0.19–6.29％。迁移速率的相对变化与群落组成的确定性变化和土壤pH的相对变化相关。我们的研究结果表明，人为干扰加剧可能会限制土壤微生物的随机扩散，定植和分布。