Quantum dots (QDs) are a new type of fluorescent label, which has been widely used in many biological and biomedical imaging applications. In this study, we used QDs-based immunofluorescence histochemistry (QDs-IHC) and conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques to perform a retrospective analysis on paraffin-embedded tissues of gastric biopsies in 203 patients (112 of which were HP positive and 91 were negative). The ability of QDs-IHC to detect Helicobacter pylori (HP) in gastric biopsies compared to IHC technology was evaluated. In our study, both methods showed consistent HP morphology and localization. The positive detection rate of HP for QDs-IHC in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue was 54.7% (111/203), and the sensitivity and specificity reached 99.11% and 100%, respectively. However the positive detection rate of HP for IHC was 53.7% (109/203), with a sensitivity and specificity of 97.32% and 100%, respectively. Weak positives (1+) were detected in 2 case of QDs-IHC with negative in IHC, and moderate positives (2+) were detected in 3 case of QDs-IHC with weak positives (1+) in IHC. The consistency test showed that the two methods showed good agreement (κ = 0.980, P = 0.014), but the sensitivity of QDs-IHC was slightly higher than that of conventional IHC. Our results show that QDs-IHC has strong sensitivity and high specificity. It is superior to conventional IHC in detecting HP infection in FFPE tissues of gastric biopsy, especially in tissues with low HP content.

量子点 (QD) 是一种新型的荧光标记，已广泛应用于许多生物和生物医学成像应用中。在本研究中，我们使用基于 QDs 的免疫荧光组织化学 (QDs-IHC) 和常规免疫组织化学 (IHC) 技术对 203 名患者（其中 112 名 HP 阳性，91 名阴性）胃活检石蜡包埋组织进行回顾性分析。 ）。QDs-IHC检测幽门螺杆菌的能力(HP) 在胃活检中与 IHC 技术相比进行了评估。在我们的研究中，两种方法都显示出一致的 HP 形态和定位。QDs-IHC在福尔马林固定和石蜡包埋（FFPE）组织中HP的阳性检出率为54.7%（111/203），敏感性和特异性分别达到99.11%和100%。而HP对IHC的阳性检出率为53.7%（109/203），敏感性和特异性分别为97.32%和100%。2例QDs-IHC呈弱阳性（1+），IHC呈阴性；3例QDs-IHC呈中度阳性（2+），IHC呈弱阳性（1+）。一致性检验表明，两种方法具有较好的一致性（κ  =0.980，P = 0.014)，但 QDs-IHC 的灵敏度略高于常规 IHC。我们的结果表明 QDs-IHC 具有很强的敏感性和高特异性。它在检测胃活检FFPE组织中的HP感染方面优于常规IHC，尤其是在HP含量低的组织中。