The study presents the physico-chemical and spectral characterization of soil and sediments of two lakes and the surrounding fields of Haryana state in India. The sediment analysis was carried out to assess its general characteristics for utilization as a part in agriculture, landfills and earthworks as well as safety for dumping; the soil analysis was done to determine its suitability for agriculture as well as discerning the existing conditions of lake ecosystem and the nearby area. The study also focusses on morphological details of soil and sediments obtained using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The identification of the different elements was done using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The elements and ions are liable to accumulate in the soil and sediments over long duration of time leading to bio accumulation in the ecosystem and hence is of utmost importance for study. The physico-chemical parameters for the soil and sediments of both the lakes were observed to be within permissible limits. The SEM and XRD results for soil and sediments showed clear differences in morphological properties. The elemental mapping of the soil and sediment along with its quantification done by EDS showed the interrelation amongst the elements of soil and sediments confirming the erosion from the watershed area being one of the major causes of high sedimentation rate in the lakes. The elements showed no serious threat to the environment from the existing data obtained and confirmed the safe utilization of sediments extracted from the lakes.

该研究介绍了印度哈里亚纳邦两个湖泊和周边地区的土壤和沉积物的理化和光谱特征。进行了沉积物分析，以评估其在农业，垃圾填埋场和土方工程中的利用以及倾倒安全性的一般特征；进行了土壤分析，以确定其是否适合农业生产，并确定湖泊生态系统和附近地区的现有条件。该研究还集中在使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）技术获得的土壤和沉积物的形态细节上。使用能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDS）对不同元素进行鉴定。元素和离子很容易在土壤和沉积物中长期积累，从而导致生态系统中的生物积累，因此对于研究至关重要。观察到两个湖泊的土壤和沉积物的物理化学参数均在允许的范围内。土壤和沉积物的SEM和XRD结果显示出明显的形态学差异。土壤和沉积物的元素图谱以及通过EDS进行的定量分析表明，土壤和沉积物元素之间的相互关系确认了流域地区的侵蚀是湖泊高沉积率的主要原因之一。从获得的现有数据来看，这些元素对环境没有构成严重威胁，并证实了从湖泊中提取的沉积物的安全利用。