Soil emergence tents (e-tents) are a new tool for studying the nesting biology of ground-nesting bees. E-tents allow us to link nests with specific soil conditions; however, low success probabilities (≤ 20% of e-tents capture at least one bee) and long deployment times (> 72 h) limit their efficiency. We examined if adding scents—spearmint and lemongrass essential oils—increases how quickly e-tents capture bees actively nesting in the soil directly covered by the trap (“capture rate”), letting e-tents be moved more frequently to sample more area. Adding essential oils did not have a significant effect on the overall capture rate. However, in e-tents with spearmint essential oil, bees in the family Halictidae were captured 1.80× faster, and there was a trend for reduced capture rate for the family Andrenidae. The efficacy of adding scents to e-tents appears to be taxon-specific. Researchers interested in halictid nesting biology may increase the efficacy of e-tents with spearmint essential oil, but further work is needed to find a suitable attractant for other groups or whole communities.

中文翻译：

---

在出现的帐篷中添加精油对地面筑巢蜜蜂的诱捕效率具有分类群特异性影响

出土帐篷（e-tents）是一种研究地面筑巢蜜蜂筑巢生物学的新工具。电子帐篷使我们能够将巢穴与特定的土壤条件联系起来；然而，低成功概率（≤ 20% 的电子帐篷捕获至少一只蜜蜂）和较长的部署时间（> 72 小时）限制了它们的效率。我们检查了添加香味——留兰香和柠檬草精油——是否会增加电子帐篷捕捉蜜蜂在被陷阱直接覆盖的土壤中积极筑巢的速度（“捕捉率”），让电子帐篷更频繁地移动以采样更多区域。添加精油对整体捕获率没有显着影响。然而，在带有留兰香精油的电子帐篷中，捕食蜂科蜜蜂的速度提高了 1.80 倍，而且捕食蜂科蜜蜂的速度有降低的趋势。向电子帐篷添加气味的功效似乎是特定于分类群的。对 halictid 筑巢生物学感兴趣的研究人员可能会增加带有留兰香精油的电子帐篷的功效，但还需要进一步的工作来为其他群体或整个社区找到合适的引诱剂。