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Reduction in concentration of PM2.5 in India’s top most polluted cities: with special reference to post-lockdown period
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s11869-020-00974-9
Subham Roy 1 , Nimai Singha 2
Affiliation  

Lockdown in India begins from 25 March and continues until 31 May 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Due to such an extended period of lockdown for about more than 2 months resulted in 1.38 billion populations restricted themselves from mass activities that contribute to air pollution. Thus, through our quantitative approach and trend analysis, the study aims to evaluate the changes in the level of PM2.5 as a major pollutant for the top ten polluted cities in India, with a special emphasis on finding what happened to its concentration after the lockdown ended. Thus, to better understand the nature of variation in PM2.5, we divide the entire 7 months into three periods for our analysis, i.e., before lockdown (1 January to 24 March), during lockdown (25 March to 31 May), and post-lockdown or unlock 1 and 2 (1 June to 31 July). Our investigation reveals that before lockdown, all the top polluted cities of India violating the national standard of PM2.5, as the lockdown begins interestingly, all cities show a momentous reduction in PM2.5 concentration. Further, surprisingly we found that after the post-lockdown period, the concentration of PM2.5 was reduced to minimal, as the average concentration of PM2.5 for all the cities is below the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). The study reveals that the lockdown has a consequence in improving overall air quality for the top polluted cities in India and further lockdown in the future with proper planning should be considered an alternative approach to restrain excessive emissions.

中文翻译:

印度污染最严重城市 PM2.5 浓度降低:特别参考封锁后时期

由于 COVID-19 大流行情况,印度的封锁从 3 月 25 日开始,一直持续到 2020 年 5 月 31 日。由于如此长时间的封锁约两个多月,导致 13.8 亿人口限制自己从事导致空气污染的大规模活动。因此,通过我们的定量方法和趋势分析,该研究旨在评估印度十大污染城市 PM2.5 作为主要污染物的水平变化,特别强调发现其浓度在封锁结束。因此,为了更好地了解 PM2.5 变化的性质,我们将整个 7 个月分为三个时段进行分析,即锁定前(1 月 1 日至 3 月 24 日)、锁定期间(3 月 25 日至 5 月 31 日)和锁定后或解锁 1 和 2(6 月 1 日至 7 月 31 日)。我们的调查显示,在封锁之前,印度所有污染最严重的城市都违反了 PM2.5 的国家标准,有趣的是,随着封锁的开始,所有城市的 PM2.5 浓度都出现了显着降低。此外,令人惊讶的是,我们发现在封锁期后,PM2.5 的浓度降至最低,因为所有城市的 PM2.5 平均浓度低于国家环境空气质量标准 (NAAQS)。该研究表明,封锁可以改善印度污染最严重的城市的整体空气质量,未来通过适当规划进一步封锁应该被视为抑制过度排放的替代方法。有趣的是,随着封锁的开始,所有城市的 PM2.5 浓度都显着下降。此外,令人惊讶的是,我们发现在封锁期后,PM2.5 的浓度降至最低,因为所有城市的 PM2.5 平均浓度低于国家环境空气质量标准 (NAAQS)。该研究表明,封锁可以改善印度污染最严重的城市的整体空气质量,未来通过适当规划进一步封锁应该被视为抑制过度排放的替代方法。有趣的是,随着封锁的开始,所有城市的 PM2.5 浓度都显着下降。此外,令人惊讶的是,我们发现在封锁期后,PM2.5 的浓度降至最低,因为所有城市的 PM2.5 平均浓度低于国家环境空气质量标准 (NAAQS)。该研究表明,封锁可以改善印度污染最严重的城市的整体空气质量,未来通过适当规划进一步封锁应该被视为抑制过度排放的替代方法。所有城市的 5 都低于国家环境空气质量标准 (NAAQS)。该研究表明,封锁可以改善印度污染最严重的城市的整体空气质量,未来通过适当规划进一步封锁应该被视为抑制过度排放的替代方法。所有城市的 5 都低于国家环境空气质量标准 (NAAQS)。该研究表明,封锁可以改善印度污染最严重的城市的整体空气质量,未来通过适当规划进一步封锁应被视为抑制过度排放的替代方法。
更新日期:2021-01-08
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