Biodiversity-based agriculture is the main form of agriculture practiced by smallholder farmers, who produce half the world’s food, especially in the Global South. This form of agriculture relies on planned biodiversity intentionally managed by farmers and on the associated biodiversity that spontaneously colonizes the agroecosystem. In recent decades, there have been increasing calls from researchers and society to support biodiversity-based agriculture as an alternative paradigm to today’s industrial agriculture. Building adapted governance and management systems for enhancing farmers’ access to agrobiodiversity is a key challenge for the development of biodiversity-based agriculture. To achieve this, a better understanding of how farmer’s access agrobiodiversity is needed, and in particular, how this access is affected by interactions between farmers and with institutions, i.e., social networks. In this article, we first review the literature on the role of social networks in farmers’ access to agrobiodiversity, in the form of crop diversity and associated biodiversity, and the related knowledge to manage this diversity. This review points at a major knowledge gap concerning how the composition and structure of these networks affect farmers’ access to agrobiodiversity. Then, we review literature on social-ecological networks to identify how this framework developed for environmental management could contribute in getting a better understanding of the role of social networks’ structure and composition in farmers’ access to agrobiodiversity. Based on this review, we propose a social-ecological network framework dedicated to crop diversity. Finally, we present potential applications of this framework to develop new participatory approaches for agrobiodiversity management and governance, adapted to biodiversity-based agriculture.

以生物多样性为基础的农业是小农户种植的主要农业形式，他们生产的粮食占世界的一半，特别是在全球南部。这种农业形式依赖于农民有意管理的计划生物多样性以及自发定居在农业生态系统中的相关生物多样性。近几十年来，研究人员和社会越来越多地呼吁支持基于生物多样性的农业，以作为当今工业农业的替代范例。建立适应性的治理和管理系统以增加农民获得农业生物多样性的机会是发展基于生物多样性的农业的主要挑战。为了实现这一目标，需要对农民如何获得农业生物多样性有更好的了解，尤其是，农民之间以及与机构（如社交网络）之间的互动如何影响这种访问。在本文中，我们首先回顾有关社会网络以农作物多样性和相关生物多样性的形式在农民获得农业生物多样性中的作用的文献，以及有关管理这种多样性的相关知识。这篇评论指出了关于这些网络的组成和结构如何影响农民获取农业生物多样性的主要知识空白。然后，我们回顾了有关社会生态网络的文献，以确定为环境管理而开发的框架如何有助于更好地理解社会网络的结构和组成在农民获得农业生物多样性中的作用。根据此评论，我们提出了一个致力于作物多样性的社会生态网络框架。最后，我们介绍了该框架在开发新的参与性方法以适应基于生物多样性的农业生物多样性管理和治理方面的潜在应用。