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Contemporary Molecular Classification of Urinary Bladder Cancer
In Vivo ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12234
Dimitrios Goutas 1 , Andrianos Tzortzis 2 , Harikleia Gakiopoulou 2 , Dimitrios Vlachodimitropoulos 3 , Ioanna Giannopoulou 2 , Andreas C Lazaris 2
Affiliation  

The significant heterogeneity in the clinical outcome among patients with bladder cancer has highlighted the existence of different biological subtypes of muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Transcriptional profiling studies revealed that primary bladder cancers can be grouped into ‘intrinsic’ basal and luminal molecular subtypes. Luminal tumors have a papillary configuration and express markers of urothelial differentiation (uroplakins, cytokeratin 20) fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGFR3), E-cadherin and early cell-cycle genes. On the contrary, basal tumors express markers of the basal layer of the urothelium (cluster of differentiation 44, cytokeratin 5/6 and cytokeratin 14); some show squamous differentiation. Patients with basal tumors respond better to immune checkpoint inhibitors and have a worse prognosis than those with luminal tumors, who respond better to FGFR3 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Patients with squamous differentiation tumors show better response to agents targeting epidermal growth factor receptor. The aim of this review was to highlight the chronological order of research performed in the field of the molecular classification of bladder cancer, with particular emphasis on prototypical research projects and recent advances. If prospective studies confirm the association of bladder cancer molecular subtypes with different responses and prognoses to targeted therapies, molecular subtyping will be incorporated into bladder cancer management.

中文翻译:

膀胱癌的现代分子分类

膀胱癌患者临床结果的显着异质性突出了肌肉浸润性和非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌的不同生物学亚型的存在。转录谱研究表明,原发性膀胱癌可分为“内在”基底和管腔分子亚型。管腔肿瘤具有乳头状结构并表达尿路上皮分化标志物(尿斑、细胞角蛋白 20)、成纤维细胞生长因子 3(FGFR3)、E-钙粘蛋白和早期细胞周期基因。相反,基底肿瘤表达尿路上皮基底层的标志物(分化簇 44、细胞角蛋白 5/6 和细胞角蛋白 14);一些显示鳞状分化。基底肿瘤患者对免疫检查点抑制剂的反应更好,预后比管腔肿瘤患者更差,后者对 FGFR3 和人表皮生长因子受体 2 反应更好。鳞状分化肿瘤患者对靶向表皮生长因子受体的药物反应更好。本综述的目的是强调膀胱癌分子分类领域研究的时间顺序,特别强调原型研究项目和最新进展。如果前瞻性研究证实膀胱癌分子亚型与靶向治疗的不同反应和预后相关,分子亚型将被纳入膀胱癌管理。谁对 FGFR3 和人表皮生长因子受体 2 反应更好。鳞状分化肿瘤患者对靶向表皮生长因子受体的药物反应更好。本综述的目的是强调膀胱癌分子分类领域研究的时间顺序,特别强调原型研究项目和最新进展。如果前瞻性研究证实膀胱癌分子亚型与靶向治疗的不同反应和预后相关,分子亚型将被纳入膀胱癌管理。谁对 FGFR3 和人表皮生长因子受体 2 反应更好。鳞状分化肿瘤患者对靶向表皮生长因子受体的药物反应更好。本综述的目的是强调膀胱癌分子分类领域研究的时间顺序,特别强调原型研究项目和最新进展。如果前瞻性研究证实膀胱癌分子亚型与靶向治疗的不同反应和预后相关,分子亚型将被纳入膀胱癌管理。本综述的目的是强调膀胱癌分子分类领域研究的时间顺序,特别强调原型研究项目和最新进展。如果前瞻性研究证实膀胱癌分子亚型与靶向治疗的不同反应和预后相关,分子亚型将被纳入膀胱癌管理。本综述的目的是强调膀胱癌分子分类领域研究的时间顺序,特别强调原型研究项目和最新进展。如果前瞻性研究证实膀胱癌分子亚型与靶向治疗的不同反应和预后相关,分子亚型将被纳入膀胱癌管理。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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