Despite there are several contributions on the relationship between various aspects of consumer behavior and environmental awareness, further research is required to analyze consumer behavior in the domain of cigarette butts littering. The aim of this study is to examine the role of feared self and environmental awareness constructs as significant antecedents of consumer behavior, as well as the impact of congruity between feared self and environmental awareness. This study utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM). Specifically, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is used to test the construct measures of the structural model and path model analysis to test the hypotheses of the structural model. The hypothesized model was tested using primary data. The main findings are consistent with the hypothesized model and highlight a positive influence of feared self on cigarette butts littering behavior, whereas congruity of feared self and environmental awareness do not have an impact on cigarette butts littering behavior. These results may draw the attention of practitioners, academicians, and policy‐makers for environmentally responsible guidance as well as consumer awareness programs for sustainable development.

中文翻译：

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评价消费者环境行为以促进可持续发展：验证性因素分析

尽管在消费者行为的各个方面与环境意识之间的关系上做出了一些贡献，但是仍需要进一步的研究来分析烟灰乱扔垃圾领域中的消费者行为。这项研究的目的是检验作为消费者行为的重要先因的自我意识和环境意识结构的作用，以及自我意识与环境意识之间一致性的影响。这项研究利用结构方程模型（SEM）。具体而言，验证性因素分析（CFA）用于测试结构模型的构造度量，路径模型分析用于测试结构模型的假设。使用主要数据对假设的模型进行了测试。主要发现与假设的模型一致，并突出了害怕的自我对烟头乱扔垃圾行为的积极影响，而恐惧的自我和环境意识的一致性对烟头乱扔垃圾行为没有影响。这些结果可能会引起从业人员，院士和政策制定者对环境负责任指导以及针对可持续发展的消费者意识计划的关注。