This article addresses sex‐gender relations within the context of changing class relations shaped by the historical formation of an intensive system of agricultural production in Almeria (Spain). The analysis of work, both on the farm and within the domestic unit, guides the research, which relates socio‐historical conditions and the subjective experiences and identities of men and women farmers. We begin from the theoretical premise that the change from being employed as wage laborers to becoming farm owners was a family project in which women and sex‐gender relations played an essential, though hidden, role. We use a qualitative methodology and an historical perspective focused on the different phases of the Almerian agricultural model: the origin and consolidation of the sector (1960–1970), a boom period (the decade of the 1980s) and the strangulation of the model (from the decade of the 2000s until today). The article discusses and concludes that despite the centrality of the participation of women farmers and the change in class position, the subordinate place they occupy—in both the domestic sphere and on the farm– has continued throughout the different phases of the model. Thus, we find that “Some things never change, we're always second in line.”

中文翻译：

---

“有些事情永远不会改变，我们总是排在第二位”：进展的性别经验和西班牙阿尔梅里亚省的农业危机*

在阿尔梅里亚（西班牙）农业集约化生产系统的历史形成所形成的阶级关系变化的背景下，本文论述了性别关系。对农场和家中单位的工作进行分析，可以指导这项研究，该研究涉及社会历史条件以及男女农民的主观经验和身份。我们从理论前提开始，即从被雇用为雇佣劳动者到成为农场主是一个家庭项目，在该项目中，妇女和性别关系起着至关重要的作用，尽管它是隐藏的。我们使用定性方法论和历史观点，着眼于阿尔梅里亚农业模式的不同阶段：该部门的起源和整合（1960年至1970年），繁荣时期（1980年代的十年）和模型的扼杀（从2000年代的十年到今天）。本文讨论并得出结论，尽管女农民参与的中心地位和阶级地位的变化，但在模型的各个不同阶段，她们在家庭领域和农场中所占据的从属地位一直持续存在。因此，我们发现“有些事情永远不会改变，我们总是排在第二位。”