There is a growing body of scientific evidence that demonstrates a negative relationship between commuting and wellbeing. However, many of the existing studies have some limitations with respect to geographical scope, the control variables included, or the operationalisation of either wellbeing or commuting. In this contribution, we consider weekly commuting hours (WCH) per employed individual. Furthermore, we combined 13 variables on physical condition, weariness, and mental condition in a new index for wellbeing. Thanks to the data from the large-scale European Working Conditions Survey from 2015, we were able to cover 35 European countries. A multilevel multiple linear regression model was developed with control variables for factors with a known influence on wellbeing, random intercepts per country, and random slopes for the estimated WCH effect per country. Our results confirm that more time spent on commuting is negatively associated with wellbeing, although the effect size of WCH on wellbeing is relatively small when compared to ageing, education level, frequently working overtime, and experiencing harassment or discrimination at work. The multilevel approach reveals relevant differences between European countries with respect to the general level of wellbeing and the effect of WCH. Nevertheless, in all the countries included in our analysis the relationship between WCH and wellbeing is slightly negative.

越来越多的科学证据表明通勤与福祉之间存在负相关关系。但是，许多现有的研究在地理范围，所包含的控制变量或福祉或通勤的可操作性方面都有一定的局限性。在此贡献中，我们考虑每周的通勤时间（WCH）每个受雇人员。此外，我们在健康状况的新指标中结合了13个关于身体状况，疲劳和精神状况的变量。得益于2015年大规模欧洲工作条件调查的数据，我们能够覆盖35个欧洲国家。开发了一个多级多元线性回归模型，该模型的控制变量包括对幸福感有已知影响的因素，每个国家的随机截距以及每个国家的估计的WCH效果的随机斜率。我们的结果证实，尽管与年龄，文化程度，经常加班以及在工作中受到骚扰或歧视相比，WCH对幸福的影响规模相对较小，但花在通勤上的时间却与幸福负相关。多层次方法揭示了欧洲国家之间在总体福祉水平和WCH效果方面的相关差异。然而，在我们分析的所有国家中，妇幼保健与福祉之间的关系略微为负。