Mobile fitness applications are innovating the ways in which smartphone users self-manage their health. Prior research found that app functions may impact app efficacy. However, research to date has not sought to systematically investigate how different combinations of app functions impact user response to apps, especially adoption intent. This article describes two studies on mobile fitness app characteristics and user attitudes. Study One used content analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis on 98 iPhone fitness apps and identified four app clusters: “Tutor”, “Recorder”, “Game Companion”, and “Cheerleader.” Tracking was the predominant function in current market, but tracking-focused Recorder apps received lowest user ratings among all app clusters. Users favored Tutor apps that combine exercise education and tracking, and Game Companion apps that combine gamification, tracking, and social functions. Function combinations, rather than standalone functions, impact app success. Following a Reasoned Action Approach, Study Two found various effects of individual differences (age, gender, BMI, eHealth literacy, smartphone experience, function preference) on user attitude toward different fitness app types. A comparison between two studies demonstrated a mismatch between market offerings and user needs regarding app functions. Implications of results for mobile fitness app design to improve consumer health and for theories are discussed.

移动健身应用程序正在革新智能手机用户自我管理健康的方式。先前的研究发现，应用功能可能会影响应用功效。但是，迄今为止的研究尚未试图系统地研究应用程序功能的不同组合如何影响用户对应用程序的响应，尤其是采用意图。本文介绍了有关移动健身应用程序特征和用户态度的两项研究。研究一使用了98个iPhone健身应用程序的内容分析和层次结构聚类分析，并确定了四个应用程序聚类：“导师”，“记录器”，“游戏伴侣”和“啦啦队长”。跟踪是当前市场上的主要功能，但以跟踪为重点的Recorder应用程序在所有应用程序群集中获得的用户评分最低。用户喜欢结合了运动教育和跟踪功能的Tutor应用，以及结合了游戏化，跟踪和社交功能的Game Companion应用。功能组合而不是独立功能会影响应用程序的成功。遵循理性行动方法，研究二发现个人差异（年龄，性别，BMI，电子卫生知识，智能手机体验，功能偏好）对用户对不同健身应用类型的态度的各种影响。两项研究之间的比较表明，市场产品与用户对应用功能的需求不匹配。讨论了结果对移动健身应用程序设计对改善消费者健康和理论的影响。研究二发现个人差异（年龄，性别，BMI，eHealth素养，智能手机体验，功能偏好）对用户对不同健身应用类型的态度的各种影响。两项研究之间的比较表明，市场产品与用户对应用功能的需求不匹配。讨论了结果对移动健身应用程序设计对改善消费者健康和理论的影响。研究二发现个人差异（年龄，性别，BMI，eHealth素养，智能手机体验，功能偏好）对用户对不同健身应用类型的态度的各种影响。两项研究之间的比较表明，市场产品与用户对应用功能的需求不匹配。讨论了结果对移动健身应用程序设计对改善消费者健康和理论的影响。