African Americans and American Indians experience disproportionately high rates of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are approximately two times as likely to be diagnosed with T2DM as non-Hispanic Whites in the United States (U.S.). African Americans and American Indians represent unique populations in the U.S., as they are the descendants of entire peoples who were forcibly relocated to/within the U.S, and seized under U.S. rule. Research indicates that being a member of particular racial or ethnic groups influences an individual’s diabetes risk and one’s overall health. However, much of the research on T2DM has focused on the individual prevention of or risk of developing diabetes. In contrast, there is a limited review of the impact of shared historical and contemporary experiences of marginalization and the role they have in racial and ethnic health inequities. More so, African American and American Indian health inequities are typically examined in isolation from one another or within the context of settler colonial norms, despite their irrefutably shared historical experiences. This study builds on the diabetes literature by examining T2DM in African Americans and American Indians using an analytical framework informed by both Critical Race Theory and Tribal Critical Race Theory. Using data from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), this study conducted a secondary data analysis of multilevel factors contributing to T2DM among African American and American Indian adults residing in California. Findings indicate that both individual- and structural-level factors are linked to diabetes diagnosis and management. Implications for future research are discussed.

非裔美国人和美洲印第安人患2型糖尿病（T2DM）的比例异常高，在美国，被诊断为T2DM的可能性约为非西班牙裔白人的两倍。非裔美国人和美洲印第安人是美国独特的人口，因为他们是被迫迁往美国境内并在美国统治下被占领的全体人民的后裔。研究表明，身为特定种族或族裔的成员会影响个人的糖尿病风险和整体健康状况。但是，有关T2DM的许多研究都集中在个体预防或发展糖尿病的风险上。相反，对共享的历史和当代边缘化经验的影响及其在种族和族裔健康不平等中的作用的评论很少。更重要的是，尽管非裔美国人和美洲印第安人的健康经验存在着不可否认的共同经验，但它们通常是彼此隔离地或在定居者殖民地规范的背景下进行检查的。本研究以糖尿病文献为基础，通过使用基于临界种族理论和部族临界种族理论的分析框架检查了非洲裔美国人和美洲印第安人的T2DM。利用来自加利福尼亚健康访问调查（CHIS）的数据，本研究对居住在加利福尼亚的非洲裔美国人和美洲印第安人中导致T2DM的多因素进行了辅助数据分析。研究结果表明，个体和结构水平因素均与糖尿病的诊断和治疗相关。讨论了对未来研究的意义。