Ethical analyses of biomedical human enhancement often consider the issue of authenticity — to what degree can the accomplishments of those utilizing biomedical enhancements (including cognitive or athletic ones) be considered authentic or worthy of praise? As research into Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology progresses, it may soon be feasible to create a BCI device that enhances or augments natural human intelligence through some invasive or noninvasive biomedical means. In this article we will (1) review currently existing BCI technologies and to what extent these can be said to enhance or augment the capabilities of the respective users, (2) describe one hypothetical type of BCI device that could augment or enhance a specific aspect of human knowledge — namely, mathematical ability, and (3) relate these concepts to the active externalism view of the extended mind as espoused by Clark and Chalmers in order to (4) argue that knowledge of mathematics derived from the usage of a BCI and the application thereof constitutes authentic knowledge and achievement.

人类对生物医学增强的伦理分析通常会考虑真实性问题-利用生物医学增强的人员（包括认知或运动方面）的成就在多大程度上可以被认为是真实的或值得赞扬的？随着对脑机接口（BCI）技术的研究的进展，创建一种通过某些侵入性或非侵入性生物医学手段来增强或增强自然人类智能的BCI设备可能很快将变得可行。在本文中，我们将（1）回顾当前存在的BCI技术，以及在多大程度上可以说这些技术增强或增强了各自用户的能力，（2）描述了一种可能增加或增强特定方面的BCI设备的假设类型人类知识-即数学能力，以及（3）将这些概念与积极的外部主义联系起来 克拉克和查默斯拥护的扩展思维观点，以便于（4）辩称，从BCI的使用及其应用中获得的数学知识构成了真实的知识和成就。