Suicide is increasingly being recognized as a global public health concern, but it is still treated as a neglected burden in Nepal. Case-control study on suicide from Nepal is very rare. Thus, a community-based matched case-control study was conducted at Ilam District to identify different stressors associated with Nepalese suicidal victims with appropriate samples of 64 cases which were matched for age group (± 2 years) and area of residence with 128 controls (1:2 ratio). Data was collected through suicide survivors and close neighbors of suicide victims. Intimate partner violence was an independent risk factor for committing suicide (OR (95% CI) = 5.33 (1.41–20.10), P = 0.013). A conditional logistic regression identified two strong stressors of suicide: depression (OR (95% CI) = 10.53 (3.11–35.66), P < 0.001) and substance dependence (OR (95% CI) = 16.38 (4.23–63.35), P < 0.001). This is the first community-based case-control study to report stressors of suicide from eastern Nepal. An integrated counseling and public awareness center needs to be established by the Nepal Government at Ilam District addressing those significant stressors. Furthermore, the findings also have implications for formulating national health policy to be implemented in vulnerable districts in order to decrease risks of suicide in Nepal.

越来越多的人将自杀视为全球公共卫生问题，但在尼泊尔，自杀仍然被视为被忽略的负担。关于尼泊尔自杀的病例对照研究非常少见。因此，在伊兰区进行了一项基于社区的匹配病例对照研究，以找出与尼泊尔自杀受害者有关的不同压力源，并根据年龄组（±2岁）和居住地区与128名对照（64岁）进行了匹配（64岁）。 1：2的比例）。数据是通过自杀幸存者和自杀受害者的近邻收集的。亲密伴侣的暴力行为是自杀的独立危险因素（OR（95％CI）= 5.33（1.41-20.10），P  = 0.013）。条件性Logistic回归确定了自杀的两个主要压力源：抑郁（OR（95％CI）= 10.53（3.11–35.66），P  <0.001）和物质依赖性（OR（95％CI）= 16.38（4.23-63.35），P  <0.001）。这是第一个基于社区的病例对照研究，报告了尼泊尔东部自杀压力源。尼泊尔政府需要在伊兰区建立一个综合性的咨询和公众意识中心，以应对这些巨大的压力。此外，调查结果还对制定将在脆弱地区实施的国家卫生政策具有重要意义，以减少尼泊尔的自杀风险。