Background Killian polyp (KP) is a benign lesion that arises from the maxillary sinus. The etiology of KP is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential involvement of human papilloma- (HPV) and polyoma-viruses (HPyV) infections in the onset of KP. Methods DNA from antral ( n = 14) and nasal ( n = 14) KP fractions were analyzed for HPV and HPyV sequences, genotypes, viral DNA load and physical status along with expression of viral proteins and p16 cellular protein. Results The oncogenic HPV16 was detected in 3/14 (21.4%) antral KPs, whilst nasal KPs tested HPV-negative (0/14). The mean HPV16 DNA load was 4.65 ± 2.64 copy/10 4 cell. The whole HPV16 episomal genome was detected in one KP sample, whereas HPV16 DNA integration in two KPs. P16 mRNA level was lower in the KP sample carrying HPV16 episome than in KPs carrying integrated HPV16 and HPV- negative KPs ( p < 0.001). None of the antral and nasal KP samples tested positive for HPyV DNA (0/28). Conclusions A fraction of KP tested positive for the oncogenic HPV16. HPV16 detection in the KP antral portion may be consistent with HPV16 infection derived from the maxillary sinus. HPV16 DNA integration represents a novel finding. Altogether, these data improve our knowledge on the association between KP and HPV infection, whereas it indicates that the KP onset is heterogeneous.

中文翻译：

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致癌人乳头瘤病毒 16 型与基利安息肉之间的关联


背景基利安息肉（KP）是一种起源于上颌窦的良性病变。 KP 的病因尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查人乳头状瘤病毒 (HPV) 和多瘤病毒 (HPyV) 感染与 KP 发病的潜在关系。方法 对胃窦 (n = 14) 和鼻腔 (n = 14) KP 部分的 DNA 进行 HPV 和 HPyV 序列、基因型、病毒 DNA 载量和身体状态以及病毒蛋白和 p16 细胞蛋白表达的分析。结果 3/14 (21.4%) 胃窦 KP 检测到致癌 HPV16，而鼻 KP 检测 HPV 阴性 (0/14)。平均 HPV16 DNA 载量为 4.65 ± 2.64 拷贝/10 4 个细胞。在一份 KP 样本中检测到整个 HPV16 附加型基因组，而在两份 KP 样本中检测到 HPV16 DNA 整合。携带 HPV16 附加体的 KP 样本中的 P16 mRNA 水平低于携带整合型 HPV16 和 HPV 阴性 KP 的 KP 样本 (p < 0.001)。胃窦和鼻腔 KP 样本均未检测出 HPyV DNA 呈阳性 (0/28)。结论 一部分 KP 的致癌性 HPV16 检测呈阳性。 KP 窦部的 HPV16 检测可能与源自上颌窦的 HPV16 感染一致。 HPV16 DNA 整合代表了一项新发现。总而言之，这些数据提高了我们对 KP 与 HPV 感染之间关联的认识，同时也表明 KP 的发病具有异质性。