In Japan, uterine cancer screening during pregnancy is subsidized by public funds. We examined the current status of the results of cervical cytology conducted during pregnancy in Japan. We requested 2,293 obstetrical facilities to provide information on cervical cytology in pregnant women who delivered between October 2018 and March 2019. A total of 1,292 obstetrical facilities responded, with valid information on a total of 238,743 women. The implementation rate of cervical cytology during pregnancy was 86.8% in Japan. The prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology during pregnancy was 3.3% in total and 4.9% using a spatula/brush with liquid-based cytology (LBC). The prevalence of positive high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in teenagers with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) was significantly higher than women of other ages (p < 0.01). Because HPV vaccine coverage has dropped to less than 1% in Japan, a further study with various conditions will be needed to improve the accuracy of cervical cancer screening during pregnancy.

在日本，怀孕期间的子宫癌筛查由公共资金资助。我们检查了日本在怀孕期间进行的宫颈细胞学检查结果的现状。我们要求 2,293 家产科机构提供 2018 年 10 月至 2019 年 3 月期间分娩的孕妇的宫颈细胞学信息。共有 1,292 家产科机构作出回应，共有 238,743 名妇女的有效信息。日本妊娠期宫颈细胞学检查的实施率为86.8%。妊娠期间宫颈细胞学异常的发生率为 3.3%，而使用刮刀/刷子和液基细胞学 (LBC) 的发生率为 4.9%。p < 0.01)。由于日本 HPV 疫苗覆盖率已降至 1% 以下，因此需要在各种条件下进行进一步研究，以提高妊娠期宫颈癌筛查的准确性。