Diverse crops are both outbred and clonally propagated. Breeders typically use truncation selection of parents and invest significant time, land and money evaluating the progeny of crosses to find exceptional genotypes. We developed and tested genomic mate selection criteria suitable for organisms of arbitrary homozygosity level where the full-sibling progeny are of direct interest as future parents and/or cultivars. We extended cross variance and covariance variance prediction to include dominance effects and predicted the multivariate selection index genetic variance of crosses based on haplotypes of proposed parents, marker effects and recombination frequencies. We combined the predicted mean and variance into usefulness criteria for parent and variety development. We present an empirical study of cassava (Manihot esculenta), a staple tropical root crop. We assessed the potential to predict the multivariate genetic distribution (means, variances and trait covariances) of 462 cassava families in terms of additive and total value using cross-validation. We were able to predict all genetic variances and most covariances with non-zero accuracy. We also tested a directional dominance model and found significant inbreeding depression for most traits and a boost in total merit accuracy for root yield. We predicted 47,083 possible crosses of 306 parents and contrasted them to those previously tested to show how mate selection can reveal new potential within the germplasm. We enable breeders to consider the potential of crosses to produce future parents (progeny with excellent breeding values) and varieties (progeny with top performance).

中文翻译：

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近交物种的基因组交配：利用加性和总遗传协方差矩阵预测交叉有用性

多种作物既是近交系又是无性繁殖。育种者通常使用截短的父母选择，并花费大量的时间，土地和金钱来评估杂交后代，以发现特殊的基因型。我们开发并测试了适用于任意纯合水平水平的生物的基因组配偶选择标准，在该标准中，作为未来的父母和/或品种，全兄弟后代直接受到关注。我们将交叉方差和协方差方差预测扩展到包括优势效应，并根据拟定亲本的单倍型，标记效应和重组频率预测了杂交的多元选择指数遗传方差。我们将预测的均值和方差结合到了父母和品种开发的有用性标准中。我们对木薯（玛尼霍特（Manihot esculenta）），一种主要的热带根作物。我们使用交叉验证评估了通过累加和总价值来预测462个木薯家族的多元遗传分布（均值，方差和性状协方差）的潜力。我们能够以非零精度预测所有遗传方差和大多数协方差。我们还测试了定向优势模型，发现大多数性状的显着近交衰退和根部产量的总优度提高。我们预测了306个亲本的47,083个可能的杂交，并将它们与先前测试的那些进行了对比，以显示配偶选择如何揭示种质内的新潜力。我们使育种者能够考虑杂交的潜力，以培育出未来的亲本（育种价值极高的后代）和品种（表现最佳的后代）。