This study aimed to estimate the virulence of an indigenous Beauveria bassiana on all developmental stages of two indigenous coccinellids; Coccinella undecimpunctata and Hippodamia variegata through three application methods; direct spray, contact method, and feeding on aphids treated with the fungus (ingestion). Also, indirect effect on all developmental stages resulted from 1st larval instar treated with these application methods. All treatments were done with a concentration of 1 × 10⁵ which was recommended in previous studies for different aphid species with a control of 0.02% Tween 80 (v/v). The mortality of 1st larval instar of both H. variegata and C. undecimpunctata and pupal stage of C. undecimpunctata were significantly increased with spray method only. Also, contact method achieved significantly higher mortality on 1st larval instar of C. undecimpunctata only. Regard to indirect effect, except of mortality of 1st larval instar of both predators and 2nd larval instar of H. variegata, other developmental instars/stages of both predators were not affected by B. bassiana through the three tested application methods in the mortality, duration, survival, cumulative survival male and female longevity, and fecundity. Therefore, both tested predatory coccinellids could be compatible with this indigenous isolate of B. bassiana where, in general, there are no negative effects of the fungus on both predators.

中文翻译：

---

球孢白僵菌和杂色沙棘（Coleoptera：Coccinellidae）对球孢白僵菌的致病性和副作用

这项研究旨在评估在两个土著球藻的所有发育阶段中，一个球孢白僵菌的毒性。通过三种施用方法来进行球菌和杂色沙棘。直接喷雾，接触法和取食经真菌处理的蚜虫（食入）。同样，对所有发育阶段的间接影响是由用这些施用方法处理过的第一龄幼虫期引起的。所有处理均以浓度为1×10 ⁵的浓度完成，这在先前的研究中被推荐用于控制0.02％Tween 80（v / v）的不同蚜虫。H.variegata和H.variegata的第一幼虫龄的死亡率C. undecimpunctata和蛹期C. undecimpunctata仅喷雾法显著增加。另外，接触法仅在十一角线虫的第一龄幼虫上实现了较高的死亡率。关于间接效果，除了两个捕食者和的第二龄幼虫的第一龄幼虫的死亡率H.杂色，其他发育龄/二者天敌阶段并没有受到影响球孢白僵菌穿过死亡率三种测试的应用程序的方法，持续时间，生存，男性和女性的累积生存寿命以及生育能力。因此，两种经过测试的掠食性球虫都可能与该球孢杆菌的本地分离株相容。 通常情况下，真菌对两种捕食者都没有负面影响。