Abstract

The current investigation was conducted to test the potential effects of in ovo feeding of vitamin A, L-carnitine, and folic acid on embryonic growth and post-hatch performance. A total of 450 fertile duck eggs were randomly distributed into two experiments of five groups/experiment (255 eggs/experiment and 45 egg/group). The experimental groups were: negative control (non-injected eggs), positive control (eggs were injected with 0.1 ml sterile deionized; DI water/egg), and three other treatments in which vitamin A, L-carnitine, and folic acid were injected (1 mg of each nutrient dissolved in 0.1 ml sterile DI water/egg). All-in ovo injected groups with vitamin A, L-carnitine, and folic acid increased the embryo weight, residual yolk weight, heart weight, hatchability percentage, and embryo length at the 25th day of incubation. At hatching, all micronutrients-in ovo injected treatments increased the duckling’s weight, levels of blood hemoglobulin, plasma triiodothyronine, and thyroxin, insulin-like growth factor1, total protein, albumin, and globulin, compared with the controls in both experiments. Conclusively, the in ovo feeding of the present micronutrients showed positive impacts on embryonic development, hatchling health status of ducklings.

摘要

目前的调查旨在测试卵内饲喂维生素 A、左旋肉碱和叶酸对胚胎生长和孵化后性能的潜在影响。将450个受精鸭蛋随机分配到5组/实验（255个蛋/实验和45个蛋/组）的两个实验中。实验组为：阴性对照（未注射鸡蛋）、阳性对照（鸡蛋注射 0.1 ml 无菌去离子水；DI 水/鸡蛋），以及其他三种注射维生素 A、左旋肉碱和叶酸的治疗组（1 mg 每种营养素溶解在 0.1 ml 无菌去离子水/鸡蛋中）。全蛋在孵化第 25 天，维生素 A、左旋肉碱和叶酸注射组增加了胚胎重量、剩余蛋黄重量、心脏重量、孵化率和胚胎长度。在孵化时，与两个实验中的对照组相比，所有微量营养素在卵内注射处理都增加了小鸭的体重、血液血球蛋白、血浆三碘甲状腺原氨酸和甲状腺素、胰岛素样生长因子 1、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白的水平。最终，本发明微量营养素的蛋内喂养显示出对胚胎发育、雏鸭孵化健康状况的积极影响。