Xenotransplantation may become the highly desired solution to close the gap between the availability of donated organs and number of patients on the waiting list. In recent years, enormous progress has been made in the development of genetically engineered donor pigs. The introduced genetic modifications showed to be efficient in prolonging xenograft survival. In this review, we focus on the type of immune responses that may target xeno-organs after transplantation and promising immunogenetic modifications that show a beneficial effect in ameliorating or eliminating harmful xenogeneic immune responses. Increasing histocompatibility of xenografts by eliminating genetic discrepancies between species will pave their way into clinical application.

中文翻译：

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异种移植的免疫遗传学

异种移植可能成为缩小捐赠器官可用性与等待名单上患者数量之间差距的理想解决方案。近年来，基因工程供体猪的开发取得了巨大进展。引入的基因修饰显示可有效延长异种移植物的存活。在这篇综述中，我们关注移植后可能靶向异种器官的免疫反应类型，以及在改善或消除有害异种免疫反应方面显示有益效果的有希望的免疫遗传修饰。通过消除物种之间的遗传差异来提高异种移植物的组织相容性将为它们的临床应用铺平道路。