Camellia japonica L. is a flowering tree with several medicinal and cosmetic applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of C. japonica placenta extract (CJPE) as a potential therapeutic agent for promotion of hair growth and scalp health by using various in vitro and in vivo assays. Moreover, we performed transcriptome analysis to examine the relative expression of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) in response to CJPE by RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq). In vitro assays revealed upregulation of the expression of hair growth marker genes in HFDPC after CJPE treatment. Moreover, in vivo clinical tests with 42 adult female participants showed that a solution containing 0.5% CJPE increased the moisture content of the scalp and decreased the scalp's sebum content, dead scalp keratin, and erythema. Furthermore, RNA‐seq analysis revealed key genes in HFDPC which are associated with CJPE. Interestingly, genes associated with lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux were upregulated. Genes upregulated by CJPE are associated with several hormones, including parathyroid, adrenocorticotropic hormone, α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (alpha‐MSH), and norepinephrine, which are involved in hair follicle biology. Furthermore, some upregulated genes are associated with the regulation of axon guidance. In contrast, many genes downregulated by CJPE are associated with structural components of the cytoskeleton. In addition, CJPE suppressed genes associated with muscle structure and development. Taken together, this study provides extensive evidence that CJPE may have potential as a therapeutic agent for scalp treatment and hair growth promotion.

中文翻译：

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人卵泡真皮乳头细胞响应山茶植物胎盘提取物的基因表达谱

Camellia japonica L. 是一种开花的树，具有多种药用和化妆品应用。在这里，我们通过使用各种体外和体内试验研究了粳稻胎盘提取物 (CJPE) 作为促进头发生长和头皮健康的潜在治疗剂的功效。此外，我们进行了转录组分析，以通过 RNA 测序 (RNA-seq) 检查人毛囊真皮乳头细胞 (HFDPC) 响应 CJPE 的相对表达。体外测定显示 CJPE 治疗后 HFDPC 中毛发生长标记基因的表达上调。此外，体内对 42 名成年女性参与者进行的临床测试表明，含有 0.5% CJPE 的溶液会增加头皮的水分含量并减少头皮的皮脂含量、死头皮角蛋白和红斑。此外，RNA-seq 分析揭示了 HFDPC 中与 CJPE 相关的关键基因。有趣的是，与脂质代谢和胆固醇流出相关的基因被上调。CJPE 上调的基因与几种激素有关，包括甲状旁腺激素、促肾上腺皮质激素、α-黑素细胞刺激素 (alpha-MSH) 和去甲肾上腺素，这些激素与毛囊生物学有关。此外，一些上调基因与轴突导向的调节有关。相比之下，许多被 CJPE 下调的基因与细胞骨架的结构成分有关。此外，CJPE 抑制与肌肉结构和发育相关的基因。总之，这项研究提供了广泛的证据，表明 CJPE 可能具有作为头皮治疗和促进头发生长的治疗剂的潜力。