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Recent progress of animal transplantation studies for treating articular cartilage damage using pluripotent stem cells
Development, Growth & Differentiation ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12706
Akihiro Yamashita 1 , Noriyuki Tsumaki 1
Affiliation  

Focal articular cartilage damage can eventually lead to the onset of osteoarthritis with degradation around healthy articular cartilage. Currently, there are no drugs available that effectively repair articular cartilage damage. Several surgical techniques exist and are expected to prevent progression to osteoarthritis, but they do not offer a long‐term clinical solution. Recently, regenerative medicine approaches using human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have gained attention as new cell sources for therapeutic products. To translate PSCs to clinical application, appropriate cultures that produce large amounts of chondrocytes and hyaline cartilage are needed. So too are assays for the safety and efficacy of the cellular materials in preclinical studies including animal transplantation models. To confirm safety and efficacy, transplantation into the subcutaneous space and articular cartilage defects have been performed in animal models. All but one study we reviewed that transplanted PSC‐derived cellular products into articular cartilage defects found safe and effective recovery. However, for most of those studies, the quality of the PSCs was not verified, and the evaluations were done with small animals over short observation periods. Large animals and longer observation times are preferred. We will discuss the recent progress and future direction of the animal transplantation studies for the treatment of focal articular cartilage damages using PSCs.

中文翻译:

多能干细胞治疗关节软骨损伤的动物移植研究新进展

局灶性关节软骨损伤最终会导致骨关节炎的发作,并伴随健康关节软骨周围的退化。目前,尚无有效修复关节软骨损伤的药物。存在几种外科技术,有望防止进展为骨关节炎,但它们不能提供长期的临床解决方案。最近,使用人类多能干细胞 (PSC) 的再生医学方法作为治疗产品的新细胞来源受到了关注。要将 PSC 转化为临床应用,需要产生大量软骨细胞和透明软骨的适当培养物。在包括动物移植模型在内的临床前研究中,对细胞材料的安全性和有效性的测定也是如此。为了确认安全性和有效性,已经在动物模型中进行了皮下空间移植和关节软骨缺损。除了一项我们审查的研究外,将 PSC 衍生的细胞产物移植到关节软骨缺损中的所有研究都发现了安全有效的恢复。然而,对于大多数这些研究,PSC 的质量没有得到验证,评估是在短观察期内对小动物进行的。大型动物和较长的观察时间是首选。我们将讨论使用 PSC 治疗局灶性关节软骨损伤的动物移植研究的最新进展和未来方向。除了一项我们审查的研究外,将 PSC 衍生的细胞产物移植到关节软骨缺损中的所有研究都发现了安全有效的恢复。然而,对于大多数这些研究,PSC 的质量没有得到验证,评估是在短观察期内对小动物进行的。大型动物和较长的观察时间是首选。我们将讨论使用 PSC 治疗局灶性关节软骨损伤的动物移植研究的最新进展和未来方向。除了一项我们审查的研究外,将 PSC 衍生的细胞产物移植到关节软骨缺损中的所有研究都发现了安全有效的恢复。然而,对于大多数这些研究,PSC 的质量没有得到验证,评估是在短观察期内对小动物进行的。大型动物和较长的观察时间是首选。我们将讨论使用 PSC 治疗局灶性关节软骨损伤的动物移植研究的最新进展和未来方向。
更新日期:2021-03-08
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