As the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted human life, prompt diagnostic tests are becoming an essential part of the social activities. However, the expensive and time-consuming laboratory-based traditional methods do not suffice the enormous needs for massive number of tests, especially in resource-limited settings. Therefore, more affordable, rapid, sensitive and specific field-practical diagnostic devices play an important role in the fight against the disease. In this review, we present the current status and advances in the biosensing technologies for diagnosing COVID-19, ranging from commercial achievements to research developments. Starting from a brief introduction to the disease biomarkers, this review summarizes the working principles of the biosensing technologies, followed by a review of the commercial products and research advances in academia. We recapitulate the literatures with a wide scope of bio/marker detections, embracing nucleic acids, viral proteins, human immune responses, and other potential bio/markers. Further, the challenges and perspectives for their employment in future point-of-care applications are discussed, with an extended appraisal on the practical strategies to enlarge the testing capability without high cost. This critical review provides a comprehensive insight into the diagnostic tools for COVID-19 and will encourage the industry and academia in the field of diagnostic biosensing for future evolvement to large-scale point-of-care screening of COVID-19.

由于COVID-19大流行深刻影响了人类生活，及时诊断测试正在成为社会活动的重要组成部分。然而，昂贵且耗时的基于实验室的传统方法无法满足大量测试的巨大需求，特别是在资源有限的环境中。因此，更加经济实惠、快速、灵敏、特异性强的现场实用诊断设备在抗击疾病方面发挥着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了用于诊断 COVID-19 的生物传感技术的现状和进展，从商业成就到研究进展。本文从疾病生物标志物的简要介绍开始，总结了生物传感技术的工作原理，随后回顾了商业产品和学术界的研究进展。我们概括了广泛的生物/标记物检测的文献，包括核酸、病毒蛋白、人类免疫反应和其他潜在的生物/标记物。此外，还讨论了它们在未来护理点应用中的挑战和前景，并对在不增加成本的情况下扩大测试能力的实用策略进行了扩展评估。这项重要的审查提供了对 COVID-19 诊断工具的全面见解，并将鼓励诊断生物传感领域的行业和学术界未来向大规模的 COVID-19 护理点筛查发展。