Torsional piezoelectric actuators have been widely applied in many fields due to their specific vibration mode. However, the conventional torsional vibration piezoelectric actuators require circumferentially polarized piezoelectric ceramics or special structural designs, increasing manufacturing difficulty and processing costs, and seriously limiting their applications. In order to solve these problems, a novel excitation method of torsional vibration is proposed in this study through the arrangement of the regular piezoelectric ceramic plates polarized along their thickness direction, and then two surface-bonded type torsional piezoelectric actuators are constructed to stimulate the odd and even order torsional vibration modes, respectively. A novel transfer matrix model of describing the torsional vibration, which involves in the mechanical and electrical properties, is created first for the piezoelectric composite beam element. Then a general electromechanical coupling dynamic model is developed to reveal dynamic behaviors of the proposed surface-bonded type torsional piezoelectric actuators. In addition, the finite element simulation and experimental investigations are carried out to confirm the validation of the proposed excitation method of torsional vibration and to verify the correctness of the developed electromechanical coupling dynamic model. The comparisons showed that the results calculated by the developed theoretical model, simulated by the finite element method, and tested by the experiments matched well, indicating that the developed electromechanical coupling dynamic model is correctness and the excitation method of torsional vibration is effective. Finally, the output characteristics of the two proposed actuator prototypes are measured, further confirming the feasibility of the proposed torsional vibration excitation method.

扭转压电致动器由于其特定的振动模式而已广泛应用于许多领域。然而，常规的扭转振动压电致动器需要周向极化的压电陶瓷或特殊的结构设计，增加了制造难度和加工成本，并严重限制了它们的应用。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出了一种新的扭转振动激励方法，即通过沿厚度方向极化的规则压电陶瓷板的布置，然后构造两个表面结合型扭转压电致动器来激励奇数振动。甚至分别指定扭转振动模式。一种描述扭转振动的新型传递矩阵模型，首先要为压电复合梁单元创建涉及机械和电气性能的单元。然后，建立了一个通用的机电耦合动力学模型，以揭示所提出的表面粘结型扭转压电致动器的动力学行为。此外，进行了有限元模拟和实验研究，以验证所提出的扭转振动激励方法的有效性，并验证所开发的机电耦合动力学模型的正确性。比较结果表明，由开发的理论模型计算得到的结果，由有限元方法模拟得到的结果以及通过实验进行的测试，结果吻合良好，说明所建立的机电耦合动力学模型是正确的，扭转振动的激励方法是有效的。最后，测量了所提出的两个执行器原型的输出特性，进一步证实了所提出的扭转振动激励方法的可行性。