A good electrode design not only produces the goal electric fields, but also eliminates harmful high-field spots that can cause electrical breakdown. In this paper, we present the equipotential method to generate electrode profiles. It is a physical method. The desired field is constructed first by a set of virtual electrodes, and then the equipotential contours naturally become the electrode profiles. We will demonstrate the simple procedures to design uniform field electrodes and recessed electrodes to accommodate dielectric structures. It shows versatility and flexibility in designing electrodes of low symmetry or irregular shapes as well as in complex boundary conditions.

良好的电极设计不仅会产生目标电场，而且还会消除可能导致电击穿的有害高电场点。在本文中，我们提出了等电位方法来生成电极轮廓。这是一种物理方法。首先通过一组虚拟电极构建所需的场，然后等势线自然成为电极轮廓。我们将演示设计均匀场电极和凹陷电极以适应介电结构的简单程序。它在设计低对称性或不规则形状的电极以及复杂边界条件下显示出多功能性和灵活性。