A series of downscaled physical sandbox experiments are conducted to observe the evolution of the surface rupture induced by the oblique-slip faulting and estimate its impact on a rigid embedded shallow foundation. High-resolution orthoimages and digital surface model of the experiments are generated through the photogrammetry technique to quantify the ground deformation pattern.

The distinct element model (DEM) is performed to validate the three-dimensional ground deformation pattern and the fault rupture-soil-foundation interaction (FR-SFI). The surface displacement profile reflects the fault-affected width being approximately 1.10 times the soil thickness. And the deformation gradients reveal the migration of the surface rupture on the ground surface. The distribution of accumulative strain in the numerical model shows the propagation of the fault rupture.

The embedded rigid shallow foundation undergoes substantial displacement, inclination, and horizontal rotation with increasing oblique-slip faulting. However, the degrees of damage is strongly related to the spatial geometric relationship between the foundation and the fault rupture. The DEM simulation provides mechanical insights into the propagation of the fault rupture and shows the potential to elucidate the interaction between the shallow foundations and the coseismic surface rupture.

进行了一系列按比例缩小的物理沙箱实验，以观察由斜滑断层引起的表面破裂的演化，并估计其对刚性埋入式浅层基础的影响。实验的高分辨率正射影像和数字表面模型是通过摄影测量技术来量化地面变形模式的。

执行独特元素模型（DEM）来验证三维地面变形模式和断层破裂-土-基础相互作用（FR-SFI）。表面位移曲线反映出断层影响的宽度大约是土壤厚度的1.10倍。变形梯度揭示了地面破裂在地表的迁移。数值模型中累积应变的分布表明了断裂破裂的传播。

埋入的刚性浅基础经受较大的位移，倾斜和水平旋转，并增加了斜滑断层。但是，破坏程度与地基与断层破裂之间的空间几何关系密切相关。DEM仿真为断层破裂的传播提供了机械方面的见识，并显示了阐明浅层地基与同震表面破裂之间相互作用的潜力。