Fundamentally, larviciding with pyriproxyfen (PPF) has potential to complement Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS) in settings where resistance to pyrethroids and residual malaria transmission exist. In this study, we evaluated the field effectiveness of larviciding using PPF to reduce dry season productivity of mosquito breeding habitats that were located by pastoralists within the study area. Using pastoralist knowledge, dry season breeding habitats in Mofu village rural Tanzania were located and monitored for larval productivity for a period of 8 months before PPF intervention. During the intervention, six out of twelve breeding habitats were treated with Sumilarv 0.5G PPF granules. The impact of deposited PPF was monitored by recording emergence inhibition of larvae collected from treated habitats compared to the appropriate control group for a period of three months and half post-intervention. During baseline, the average proportion (+SD) of adult emerged was similar between two clusters, with (0.89 + 0.22) for the control cluster and (0.93 + 0.16) for the treatment cluster of breeding habitats. Following treatment with PPF, the average proportion (+SD) of adult emerged in the treated breeding habitats was significantly low (0.096 + 0.22) compared to adults that emerged from larvae in the untreated habitats (0.99 + 0.22) (p < 0.0001). Of all emerged adults, approximately 94% were An. gambiae s.l. and the remaining 6% were An. funestus s.l. This is the first study demonstrating the usefulness of engaging pastoralist community to locate and identify hard to find mosquito breeding habitats. Reduced productivity of the targeted habitats with PPF offers prospect of implementing PPF larviciding in dry season when habitats are few and permanent to control mosquito population in rural settings.

从根本上讲，在存在对拟除虫菊酯和残留疟疾的抗药性的地方，用吡虫杀酚（PPF）杀幼虫有可能补充长效杀虫剂网（LLIN）和室内残留喷雾剂（IRS）。在这项研究中，我们评估了使用PPF杀幼虫剂以降低研究区域内牧民所处蚊子繁殖栖息地的旱季生产力的田间效果。利用牧民的知识，在PPF干预之前的8个月内，对坦桑尼亚乡村Mofu村的旱季繁殖栖息地进行了定位和监测，以监测其幼虫的生产力。在干预期间，使用Sumilarv 0.5G PPF颗粒处理了十二个繁殖生境中的六个。通过记录与适当对照组相比在干预后三个半月内从处理过的栖息地收集的幼虫的出苗抑制来监测沉积的PPF的影响。在基线期间，两个集群之间出现的成年成年人平均比例（+ SD）相似，对照集群为（0.89 + 0.22），繁殖生境的处理集群为（0.93 + 0.16）。用PPF处理后，与未处理的生境中从幼虫出来的成年（0.99 + 0.22）相比，处理过的繁殖环境中成年成年的平均比例（+ SD）显着低（0.096 + 0.22）（22）（对照组）和（0.93 + 0.16）（繁殖生境的处理组）。用PPF处理后，与未处理的生境中从幼虫出来的成年（0.99 + 0.22）相比，处理过的繁殖环境中成年成年的平均比例（+ SD）显着低（0.096 + 0.22）（22）（对照组）和（0.93 + 0.16）（繁殖生境的处理组）。用PPF处理后，与未处理的生境中从幼虫出来的成年（0.99 + 0.22）相比，处理过的繁殖环境中成年成年的平均比例（+ SD）显着低（0.096 + 0.22）（p <  0.0001）。在所有出现的成年人中，约有94％为An。冈比亚SL。剩下的6％是An。funestus sl。这是第一项研究，证明了让牧民社区参与定位和确定难以找到的蚊子繁殖栖息地的有用性。使用PPF降低目标栖息地的生产力为在干燥季节实现PPF幼虫化提供了前景，因为干燥季节栖息地很少且永久性地可以控制农村地区的蚊子种群。